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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2005

Registration No. 333-121944



SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549


Amendment No. 4
To
Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933


Accuride Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  3714
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  61-1109077
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

7140 Office Circle
Evansville, Indiana 47715
Telephone: (812) 962-5000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

John R. Murphy
Chief Financial Officer
Accuride Corporation
7140 Office Circle
Evansville, Indiana 47715
Telephone: (812) 962-5000
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)


Copies to:

Christopher D. Lueking, Esq.
Mark V. Roeder, Esq.
Latham & Watkins LLP
Sears Tower, Suite 5800
233 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Telephone: (312) 876-7700
Facsimile: (312) 993-9767
  Risë B. Norman, Esq.
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
425 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10017-3954
Telephone: (212) 455-2000
Facsimile: (212) 455-2502

        Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:     As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

        If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box.  o

        If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  o                         

        If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  o                         

        If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  o                         

        If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box.  o


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE


Title of each class of
securities to be registered

  Proposed maximum
offering price(1)

  Amount of
registration fee(2)


Common stock, par value $0.01 per share   $138,000,000   $16,242.60

(1)
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act. See "Underwriting."

(2)
Previously paid.

         The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.




The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 21, 2005

PROSPECTUS

10,000,000 Shares

GRAPHIC

Common Stock


        We are offering 10,000,000 shares of our common stock in this initial public offering. We have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price less the underwriting discount to cover over-allotments.

        No public market currently exists for our common stock. Our common stock has been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ACW", subject to official notice of issuance. We currently estimate that the initial public offering price will be between $10.00 and $12.00 per share.


         Investing in our common stock involves risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 15.

        Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.


 
  Per Share
  Total
Public offering price   $                 $              
Underwriting discount   $                 $              
Proceeds to Accuride Corporation (before expenses)   $                 $              

        The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about                        , 2005.


Citigroup Deutsche Bank Securities UBS Investment Bank

Robert W. Baird & Co.   Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.

                        , 2005


GRAPHIC



TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
  Page
Prospectus Summary   1
Risk Factors   15
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements   30
TTI Merger   31
Use of Proceeds   32
Dividend Policy   32
Capitalization   33
Dilution   34
Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data   36
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride   48
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   51
Industry   67
Business   73
Management   89
Principal Stockholders   104
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions   108
Description of Certain Indebtedness   112
Description of Capital Stock   117
Shares Eligible for Future Sale   121
Material U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences for Non-U.S. Holders   123
Underwriting   127
Legal Matters   130
Experts   130
Where You Can Find Additional Information   130
Index to Financial Statements of Accuride Corporation   F-1
Index to Financial Statements of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc.   F-34


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

         The following summary contains basic information about this offering. It likely does not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of this offering, we encourage you to read this entire prospectus and the documents to which we have referred you. The following summary should be read in conjunction with the more detailed information and financial statements (including the notes to the financial statements) appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. For a discussion of certain factors to be considered in connection with an investment decision, see "Risk Factors."

         Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, the terms "Company," "we," "us," "our" and "Accuride" refer to Accuride Corporation and its subsidiaries after giving effect to the acquisition of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. as described on page 7, which we refer to as the "TTI merger." "TTI" refers to Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries. When we describe historical Accuride financial information on a "pro forma" basis, we are giving effect to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings described on page 7, which we refer to collectively as the "Transactions," and when we describe Accuride financial information on a "pro forma as adjusted" basis, we are giving effect to the Transactions, this offering and the use of proceeds thereof as described under "Use of Proceeds."

Our Company

        We are one of the largest and most diversified manufacturers and suppliers of commercial vehicle components in North America. Our products include commercial vehicle wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. We market our products under some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. We believe that we have number one or number two market positions in steel wheels, forged aluminum wheels, brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, metal grills, metal bumpers, crown assemblies, chrome plating and polishing, seating assemblies and fuel tanks in commercial vehicles. We serve the leading original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and their related aftermarket channels in most major segments of the commercial vehicle market, including heavy- and medium-duty trucks, commercial trailers, light trucks, buses, as well as specialty and military vehicles. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we generated pro forma net sales of $1,082.3 million.

        Our primary product lines are standard equipment used by virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs, creating a significant barrier to entry. We believe that substantially all heavy-duty truck models manufactured in North America contain one or more Accuride components. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we sold approximately 59% of our products to heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs and approximately 22% to the related aftermarkets. The remainder of our sales were made to customers in the light truck, specialty and military vehicle and other industrial markets. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that continued growth in the aftermarket represents an attractive diversification to our original equipment business due to its relative stability and higher margins.

        Our diversified customer base includes substantially all of the leading commercial vehicle OEMs, such as Freightliner Corporation, with its Freightliner, Sterling and Western Star brand trucks, PACCAR, Inc., with its Peterbilt and Kenworth brand trucks, International Truck and Engine Corporation, with its International brand trucks, and Volvo Truck Corporation, or Volvo/Mack, with its Volvo and Mack brand trucks. Our primary commercial trailer customers include leading commercial trailer OEMs, such as Great Dane Limited Partnership and Wabash National, Inc. Major light truck customers include Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation. Our product portfolio is

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supported by strong sales, marketing and design engineering capabilities and is manufactured in 17 strategically located, technologically-advanced facilities across the United States, Mexico and Canada.

Our Products

        The following table provides a summary of our key products and brands:

Product Category
  2004
Pro Forma Net Sales

  % of
Total Sales

  Principal Product Lines
  Brands
 
  (dollars in millions)

   
   
   
Commercial vehicle steel wheels   $ 243.3   22.5 % Steel wheels for heavy- and medium-duty vehicles   Accuride

Commercial vehicle aluminum wheels

 

$

143.1

 

13.2

%

Forged aluminum wheels for heavy- and medium-duty vehicles

 

Accuride

Wheel-end components and assemblies

 

$

261.6

 

24.2

%

Brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, disc brake rotors and automatic slack adjusters

 

Gunite

Truck body and chassis parts

 

$

123.6

 

11.4

%

Bumpers, fuel tanks, bus components and chassis assemblies, battery boxes and toolboxes, front-end crossmembers, muffler assemblies, crown assemblies and components

 

Imperial

Light truck wheels

 

$

106.8

 

9.9

%

Steel wheels for light-duty trucks

 

Accuride

Seating assemblies

 

$

61.7

 

5.7

%

Air suspension and static seating assemblies: high-back, mid-back, low-back, three-man and two-man bench seats, school bus, transit bus and mechanical seats

 

Bostrom

Other components

 

$

142.2

 

13.1

%

Accuride: military and specialty wheels
Fabco: steerable drive axles and gear boxes
Brillion: flywheels, transmission and engine-related housing, chassis brackets and non-powered farm equipment

 

Accuride, Fabco and Brillion

 

 



 



 

 

 

 
Total   $ 1,082.3   100.0 %      
   
 
       

Our Industry

        We compete in the North American commercial vehicle components industry and serve the heavy-duty, or Class 8, truck market, the medium-duty, or Class 5-7, truck market, the commercial trailer market, the light, or Class 3-4, truck market, the bus market, as well as the specialty and military vehicle markets. We sell our products primarily to truck and commercial trailer OEMs and the related aftermarkets. Heavy- and medium-duty trucks are used for local and long-haul commercial trucking and are classified by gross vehicle weight. The heavy-duty truck market is comprised of trucks with gross weight in excess of 33,000 lbs. and the medium-duty truck market is comprised of trucks with gross

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weight from 16,001 lbs. to 33,000 lbs. Demand for our products is driven by demand for these vehicles, which is itself driven largely by the following key factors:


        According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase from 262,569 units in 2004 to 340,928 units in 2009, a compound annual growth rate of 5.4%. Evidence of the initiation of this trend can be seen in North American heavy-duty truck orders in 2004. Monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and continued at a strong pace in 2004. North American year-over-year heavy-duty net truck orders increased 90% from 2003 to 2004. Since 2003, all of the major OEMs have increased their truck build rates to meet the increased demand. The medium-duty market, which tends to be less cyclical than the heavy-duty market, also improved in 2004; production is expected to increase from 240,142 units in 2004 to 276,576 units in 2009. Similar to heavy-duty trucks, there was robust demand for commercial trailers in 2004; commercial trailer sales are expected to increase from 235,953 units in 2004 to 288,963 units in 2009.

        The heavy- and medium-duty commercial vehicle components aftermarket is characterized by steady sales and higher margins than the OEM market. Demand in the aftermarket is primarily driven by the number of trucks in operation and the number of miles driven. We believe that the growth and stability of the aftermarket correlates with the number of tonmiles (the number of miles driven multiplied by the number of tons transported) driven in the overall trucking industry, which is expected to increase steadily through 2009.

Our Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our strong market positions and will enable us to continue to improve our profitability and cash flows:

3


Market Position in Key Products

Product Line

  Brand
  Rank
Steel Wheels   Accuride   #1
Brake Drums   Gunite   #1
Disc Wheel Hubs   Gunite   #1
Spoke Wheels   Gunite   #1
Metal Grill and Crown Assemblies   Imperial   #1
Chrome Plating and Polishing   Imperial   #1
Forged Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   #2
Metal Bumpers   Imperial   #2
Fuel Tanks   Imperial   #2
Seating Assemblies   Bostrom   #2

2004 Pro Forma Net Sales Breakdown

By Product   By End Market   By Customer

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

Source: Management estimates.

4



Our Strategy

        We believe that our strong competitive position, in combination with the cost reduction initiatives that we have implemented over the last five years, will enable us to benefit significantly from the anticipated growth in the North American truck market. We are committed to enhancing our sales, profitability and cash flows through the following strategies:

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Risks Related to Our Business

        Our business is subject to certain risks, many of which are beyond our control, including our dependence on a small number of major customers, exposure to fluctuations in the cost of raw materials and the cyclical nature of the industries and markets that we serve. Our ability to execute our business strategy is also subject to certain risks, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include those generally associated with being a manufacturer and supplier of commercial vehicle components in North America. For example, we may not be successful in implementing our strategy if unforeseen factors emerge that diminish the expected growth in the North American truck market, we experience increased pressure on our profit margins or unforeseen competing technologies emerge. In addition, the integration of TTI and any other acquired companies may not be completed successfully or lead to expected synergies. Moreover, as of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, we had an aggregate of $753.8 million of total outstanding debt and our pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges was 2.04x (earnings represent income before income taxes plus fixed charges; fixed charges consists of interest expense, net, including amortization of discount and financing costs and 33% of our annual operating rental expense, which management believes is representative of the interest component of rent expense). This substantial level of indebtedness could increase our vulnerability to any future downturns in the commercial vehicle components market or the economy in general. As a result of these factors or other factors described in this prospectus under "Risk Factors", we may decide to alter or discontinue aspects of our business strategy and may adopt alternative or additional strategies. Any failure to successfully implement our business strategy could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, while we may successfully implement our business strategy, the benefits of these achievements may be mitigated in part or in whole if we suffer from one or more of these or other factors described in this prospectus.

6



Corporate Information

        We are a Delaware corporation and the address of our principal executive office is 7140 Office Circle, Evansville, Indiana 47715. Our telephone number is (812) 962-5000. Our website address is www.accuridecorp.com . Information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus.

        All trademarks, trade names and service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

The TTI Merger and Related Transactions

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company. See "TTI Merger."

        In connection with the TTI merger:

        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

7



THE OFFERING

Common stock offered by us   10,000,000 shares
Over-allotment option   1,500,000 shares
Total common stock to be outstanding after this offering   32,622,690 shares
Use of proceeds   We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, will be approximately $99,325,000. We estimate that our net proceeds will be approximately $114,711,250 if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering for the repayment of outstanding indebtedness and for general corporate purposes. See "Use of Proceeds."
Dividend Policy   We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. See "Dividend Policy."
New York Stock Exchange Symbol   ACW

        The calculation of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering as presented here and throughout this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, is based on 22,622,690 shares of our common stock outstanding on March 4, 2005 and assumes:

        The number of outstanding shares of common stock calculated above excludes 1,424,344 shares issuable upon exercise of currently outstanding options under the Accuride Corporation 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan, which we refer to as the 1998 Plan, 829,265 shares issuable upon the exercise of new options to be issued concurrently with the consummation of the offering under our new Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan, which we refer to as the Incentive Plan, which options will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. With respect to the options to be issued concurrently with the consummation of the offering, we anticipate that the exercise price will be $11.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. We also reserved an additional 1,458,318 shares of common stock for issuance under our Incentive Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The 1,424,344 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options currently outstanding under our 1998 Plan have a weighted average exercise price of $4.53 per share.

Risk Factors

        Investing in our common stock involves a number of material risks. For a discussion of certain risks that should be considered in connection with an investment in our common stock, see "Risk Factors."

8



ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

        You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. If any person provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted.

        The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.


MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

        This prospectus contains market and industry data, primarily from reports published by America's Commercial Transportation Publications, or ACT, the American Trucking Association, or ATA, and from internal company surveys, studies and research related to the truck components industry and its segments as well as the truck industry in general. These data include estimates and forecasts regarding future growth in these industries, truck freight growth and the historical average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks. Such data have been published in industry publications that typically indicate that they have derived the data from sources believed to be reasonable, but do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. While we believe these industry publications to be reliable, we have not independently verified the data or any of the assumptions on which the estimates and forecasts are based. Similarly, internal company surveys, studies and research, while believed by us to be reliable, have not been verified by any independent sources.


SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

        Set forth below is summary consolidated financial and other data of Accuride and TTI and pro forma as adjusted financial and other data of Accuride at the dates and for the periods indicated. We derived the statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, from Accuride's audited financial statements. The following information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data," "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride" and our consolidated audited financial statements and their notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, as well as other financial information included in this prospectus.

        The summary unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data for the year ended December 31, 2004 have been derived from our unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data for the year ended December 31, 2004 included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statement of operations data have been adjusted to give effect to the Transactions and the offering as if these events occurred on January 1, 2004. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet data have been adjusted to give effect to the Transactions and the offering as if these events occurred as of December 31, 2004. The summary unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data are for informational purposes only and do not purport to present what our results of operations and financial condition would have been had the Transactions and the offering actually occurred on these earlier dates, nor do they project our results of operations for any future period or our financial condition at any future date.

9


 
  Accuride Historical
  Pro Forma as Adjusted(a)
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
      (dollars in thousands, except per share data)  
Statement of Operations Data:                                      
Net sales   $ 475,804   $ 332,071   $ 345,549   $ 364,258   $ 494,008   $ 1,082,348  
Cost of sales(b)     396,587     298,275     286,232     301,428     390,893     903,010  
Gross profit(b)     79,217     33,796     59,317     62,830     103,115     179,338  
Operating expenses     29,494     31,000     24,014     23,918     25,550     79,202  
Income from operations(b)     49,723     2,796     35,303     38,912     77,565     100,136  
Interest income (expense), net(c)     (36,230 )   (40,199 )   (42,017 )   (49,877 )   (36,845 )   (46,699 )
Equity in earning of affiliates(d)     455     250     182     485     646     646  
Other income (expense), net(e)     (6,157 )   (9,837 )   1,430     825     108     108  
Income tax (expense) benefit     (5,278 )   13,836     (5,839 )   930     (19,698 )   (29,721 )
Net income (loss)     2,513     (33,154 )   (10,941 )   (8,725 )   21,776     24,470  

Earnings (Loss) Per Share Data:(f)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Basic   $ 0.17   $ (2.26 ) $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.49   $ 0.75  
  Diluted     0.17     (2.26 )   (0.75 )   (0.60 )   1.43     0.73  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands):                                      
  Basic     14,654     14,654     14,654     14,655     14,657     32,621  
  Diluted     14,677     14,654     14,654     14,655     15,224     33,477  

Balance Sheet Data (at year end):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 38,516   $ 47,708   $ 41,266   $ 42,692   $ 71,843   $ 47,798  
Working capital (deficit)(g)     12,977     7,364     21,712     35,845     37,744     87,795  
Total assets     515,271     498,223     515,167     528,297     583,843     1,200,712  
Total debt     448,886     476,550     474,155     490,475     488,680     753,775  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (29,200 )   (62,354 )   (53,249 )   (65,842 )   (44,572 )   125,027  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
North American Class 8 heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                      
  Operating activities   $ 66,343   $ 1,359   $ 15,307   $ 7,964   $ 58,329     N/A  
  Investing activities     (51,688 )   (18,405 )   (19,766 )   (19,672 )   (27,272 )   N/A  
  Financing activities     (8,632 )   26,238     (1,983 )   13,134     (1,906 )   N/A  
  EBITDA(h)     74,012     26,625     65,128     70,026     106,757     148,577  
  Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(i)     15,333     14,353     3,421     2,061     (427 )   11,508  
  Capital expenditures     50,420     17,705     19,316     20,261     26,421     35,496  
Depreciation and amortization(j)     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438     47,687  

(a)
See "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data" on pages 36-46.

(b)
Gross profit for 2000 reflected $5.0 million of costs related to integration and restructuring charges at our Monterrey, Mexico facility and $0.2 million of costs related to restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Gross profit for 2001 reflected $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility, $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities and a $2.7 million charge for impaired assets at the Monterrey, Mexico facility. Gross profit for 2002 reflected $0.9 million of costs related to a reduction in employee workforce, $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute in the Henderson, Kentucky facility plus $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production. Gross profit for 2003 reflected $2.2 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003 for which no insurance proceeds had been received, $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with the recent renewal of our labor contract at our facility in Erie, Pennsylvania and $0.3 million for pension related costs at our facility in London, Ontario. Gross profit for 2004 reflects $0.5 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003, $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, offset by $2.0 million of insurance proceeds received in the fourth quarter of 2004 related to the business interruption portion of our 2003 fire claim.

(c)
Includes $11.3 million of refinancing costs during the year ended December 31, 2003. In 2000, $2.5 million related to a gain on extinguishment of debt resulting from the repurchase of $10.1 million principal amount of our senior subordinated notes for $7.3 million.

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(d)
Includes our income from AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest.

(e)
Consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to the change in market value of our currency, commodity and interest rate derivative instruments. See "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data" on pages 36-46.

(f)
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding after giving retroactive effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock. Unaudited pro forma as adjusted basic and diluted earnings per share have been calculated in accordance with the SEC rules for initial public offerings. These rules require that the weighted average share calculation give retroactive effect to any changes in our capital structure as well as the number of shares whose sale proceeds will be used to repay any debt as reflected in the pro forma adjustments.

(g)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(h)
EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation, and certain covenants in our borrowing arrangements are tied to this measure. In addition, EBITDA is used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry. EBITDA as presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry. EBITDA consists of our net income (loss) before interest expense, income tax (expense) benefit, depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our net income (loss) to EBITDA:
 
   
   
   
   
   
  Pro Forma as Adjusted (a)
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
  (dollars in thousands)

Net income (loss)   $ 2,513   $ (33,154 ) $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776   $ 24,470
  Income tax expense (benefit)     5,278     (13,836 )   5,839     (930 )   19,698     29,721
  Interest expense     36,230     40,199     42,017     49,877     36,845     46,699
  Depreciation and amortization     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438     47,687
   
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 74,012   $ 26,625   $ 65,128   $ 70,026   $ 106,757   $ 148,577
   
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
Net income (loss) was affected by the unusual items presented in the following table:

 
   
   
   
   
   
  Pro Forma As Adjusted (a)
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1)                       $ 362  
Net loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment(2)                         2,203  
Chief executive officer severance(3)                         3,460  
Transaction-related costs(4)                         3,860  
Restructuring and integration costs(5)   $ 6,032   $ 4,292   $ 2,334              
Aborted merger and acquisition costs(6)     3,147                      
Business interruption costs(7)               $ 2,157   $ (319 )   (319 )
Strike avoidance costs(8)                 444          
Other unusual items(9)         224     2,517     285          
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement(10)     6,154     9,837     (1,430 )   (825 )   (108 )   (108 )
Inventory adjustment(11)                         2,050  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 15,333   $ 14,353   $ 3,421   $ 2,061   $ (427 ) $ 11,508  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

11


(j)
Effective January 1, 2002, Accuride adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard, or SFAS, No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." No goodwill amortization was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

12


 
  TTI Historical
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000(a)
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Statement of Operations Data:                                
Net sales   $ 522,577   $ 391,401   $ 411,598   $ 440,009   $ 588,340  
Cost of sales     438,876     330,873     340,103     368,931     512,624  
Gross profit     83,701     60,528     71,495     71,078     75,716  
Selling, general and administrative expenses     52,496     43,701     36,673     38,896     39,744  
Other operating expenses (credits), net     643     19,573         (9,236 )   9,523  
   
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations     30,562     (2,746 )   34,822     41,418     26,449  
Interest expense, net     42,582     45,640     42,306     40,362     31,928  
Other (income) expense, net     29,918     (3,209 )   (92 )   (8,693 )   10,655  
Income taxes expense (benefit)     (11,597 )   (15,151 )   (1,679 )   6,248     (1,229 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of income taxes(b)             (3,794 )        
   
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations     (30,341 )   (30,026 )   (9,507 )   3,501     (14,905 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) before preferred dividends     (30,341 )   (30,026 )   (9,507 )   3,501     (14,905 )
Preferred dividends     9,662     13,393     15,267     17,769     31,075  
   
 
 
 
 
 

Net income (loss) available for common shareholders

 

$

(40,003

)

$

(43,419

)

$

(24,774

)

$

(14,268

)

$

(45,980

)
   
 
 
 
 
 

Balance Sheet Data (at year end):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 4,352   $ 16,279   $ 14,085   $   $ 1,150  
Working capital(c)     38,427     21,386     21,138     32,988     36,720  
Total assets     519,562     463,649     450,543     450,744     476,847  
Total debt     367,929     350,303     347,836     309,129     325,238  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     14,496     (9,571 )   (25,375 )   19,769     2,000  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
North American heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                
  Operating activities   $ 3,224   $ 22,296   $ 23,194   $ 7,846   $ 4,684  
  Investing activities     (19,618 )   9,550     (10,242 )   (8,393 )   (9,075 )
  Financing activities     11,947     (19,919 )   (15,146 )   (13,538 )   5,541  
EBITDA(d)     41,827     25,716     50,340     66,964     40,130  
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(e)     19,115     16,165         (18,826 )   9,885  
Capital expenditures     18,773     5,450     10,242     15,044     9,075  
Depreciation and amortization     25,600     25,054     15,518     15,546     13,681  

(a)
In March 2000, TTI was recapitalized in a transaction in which approximately 88% of the fully diluted shares of TTI's common stock was converted into the right to receive $21.50 per share in cash. In connection with this recapitalization, TTI entered into new debt financing arrangements.

(b)
During 2002, as a result of TTI's adoption of SFAS No. 142, TTI recorded a transitional goodwill impairment charge net of taxes of $3.8 million. See Note 5 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

(c)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(d)
EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is defined as net income (loss) before discontinued operations and the cumulative effect of accounting changes plus (1) depreciation and amortization, (2) interest expense, net of interest income, (3) loss on debt extinguishment and (4) income taxes. TTI relies on EBITDA as the primary measure to review and assess its operating performance and its management teams. Management and investors also review EBITDA to evaluate TTI's overall performance and to compare TTI's current operating results with corresponding periods and with other companies in the truck components industry. We believe that it is important and useful to investors to provide disclosure of TTI's operating results on the same basis as that used by TTI's management. TTI also believes that it can assist investors in comparing its performance to that of other companies on a consistent basis without regard to items that may not exist or do not directly affect its operating performance. You should not consider EBITDA in isolation or as a substitute for net income or cash flow from operations or other cash flow statement data determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the EBITDA measure presented here may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

13


Set
forth below is a reconciliation of TTI's net income (loss) to EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net income (loss) before preferred dividends   $ (30,341 ) $ (30,026 ) $ (9,507 ) $ 3,501   $ (14,905 )
Discounted operations, net of income taxes                      
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of income taxes             3,794          
Depreciation and amortization     25,600     25,054     15,518     15,546     13,681  
Interest expense, net of interest income     42,137     45,043     42,214     39,866     31,928  
Loss on debt extinguishment     16,028     796         1,803     10,655  
Income tax expense (benefit)     (11,597 )   (15,151 )   (1,679 )   6,248     (1,229 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 41,827   $ 25,716   $ 50,340   $ 66,964   $ 40,130  
   
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
TTI's net income (loss) was affected by the following unusual items:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
  (dollars in thousands)

Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)   $ 4,137           $ 410   $ 362
Other operating expenses:                              
  Restructuring costs (2)     643     19,573            
  Reduction in estimated environmental remediation liability (3)                 (6,636 )  
  Net (gain) loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment (4)                 (2,600 )   2,203
  Severance of former chief executive officer (5)                     3,460
Other (income) expense, net:                              
  Gain on sale of rail assets (6)         (5,000 )       (10,000 )  
  Transaction-related costs (7)     14,335     1,592             3,860
   
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 19,115   $ 16,165   $   $ (18,826 ) $ 9,885
   
 
 
 
 

14



RISK FACTORS

         You should carefully consider the following factors, in addition to other information included in this prospectus, before investing in our common stock. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations will likely suffer. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

        Sales, including aftermarket sales, to Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack constituted approximately 16%, 15%, 15% and 10%, respectively, of our 2004 pro forma net sales. No other customer accounted for more than 8% of our pro forma net sales during this period. The loss of any significant portion of sales to any of our major customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are a standard supplier on a majority of truck platforms at each of our major customers, which results in recurring revenue as our standard components are installed on most trucks ordered from that platform, unless the end user specifically requests a different product, generally at an additional charge. The selection of one of our products as a standard component may also create a steady demand for that product in the aftermarket. We may not maintain our current standard supplier positions in the future, and may not become the standard supplier for additional truck platforms. The loss of a significant standard supplier position or a significant number of standard supplier positions with a major customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are continuing to engage in efforts intended to improve and expand our relations with each of Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack. We have supported our position with these customers through direct and active contact with end users, trucking fleets and dealers, and have located certain of our sales personnel in offices near these customers and most of our other major customers. We cannot assure you that we will maintain or improve our customer relationships, whether these customers will continue to do business with us as they have in the past or whether we will be able to supply these customers or any of our other customers at current levels. The loss of a significant portion of our sales to Freightliner, PACCAR, International or Volvo/Mack could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the delay or cancellation of material orders from, or problems at, Freightliner, PACCAR, International or Volvo/Mack or any of our other major customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our business is subject to the risk of price increases and fluctuations and periodic delays in the delivery of raw materials and purchased components that are beyond our control. Our operations require substantial amounts of raw steel, aluminum, steel scrap, pig iron, electricity, coke, natural gas, sheet and formed steel, bearings, purchased components, fasteners, foam, fabrics, silicon sand, binders, sand additives, coated sand and tube steel. Fluctuations in the delivery of these materials may be driven by the supply/demand relationship for a material, factors particular to that material or governmental regulation for raw materials such as electricity and natural gas. In addition, if any of our suppliers seeks bankruptcy relief or otherwise cannot continue its business as anticipated or we cannot renew our supply contracts on favorable terms, the availability or price of raw materials could be adversely affected. Fluctuations in prices and/or availability of the raw materials or purchased components used

15


by us, which at times may be more pronounced during periods of higher truck builds, may affect our profitability and, as a result, have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We use substantial amounts of raw steel and aluminum to produce wheels and rims. Although raw steel is generally available from a number of sources, we have obtained favorable sourcing by negotiating and entering into high-volume contracts with third parties with terms ranging from one to three years. We obtain raw steel and aluminum from various third-party suppliers. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in renewing our supply contracts on favorable terms or at all. A substantial interruption in the supply of raw steel or aluminum or inability to obtain a supply of raw steel or aluminum on commercially desirable terms could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. We are not always able, and may not be able in the future, to pass on increases in the price of raw steel or aluminum to our customers. In particular, when raw material prices increase rapidly or to significantly higher than normal levels, we may not be able to pass price increases through to our customers on a timely basis, if at all, which could adversely affect our operating margins and cash flow. Any fluctuations in the price or availability of raw steel or aluminum may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Steel scrap and pig iron are also major raw materials used in our business to produce our wheel-end and industrial components. Steel scrap is derived from, among other sources, junked automobiles, industrial scrap, railroad cars, agricultural and heavy machinery and demolition steel scrap from obsolete structures, containers and machines. Pig iron is a low-grade cast iron which is a product of smelting iron ore with coke and limestone in a blast furnace. The availability and price of steel scrap and pig iron are subject to market forces largely beyond our control, including North American and international demand for steel scrap and pig iron, freight costs, speculation and foreign exchange rates. Steel scrap and pig iron availability and price may also be subject to governmental regulation. We are not always able, and may not be able in the future, to pass on increases in the price of steel scrap and pig iron to our customers. In particular, when raw material prices increase rapidly or to significantly higher than normal levels, we may not be able to pass price increases through to our customers on a timely basis, if at all, which could adversely affect our operating margins and cash flow. Any fluctuations in the price or availability of steel scrap or pig iron may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. See "Business—Raw Materials and Suppliers."

        The heavy- and medium-duty truck and truck components industries, the heavy-duty truck OEM market and, to a lesser extent, the medium-duty truck OEM market and the heavy- and medium-wheel and light-wheel industries are highly cyclical. These industries and markets fluctuate in response to factors that are beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, interest rates, federal and state regulations, consumer spending, fuel costs and our customers' inventory levels and production rates. These industries and markets are particularly sensitive to the industrial sector of the economy, which generates a significant portion of the freight tonnage hauled by trucks. Economic downturns in the industries or markets that we serve generally result in reduced sales of our products, which could lower our profits and cash flows. In addition, our operations are typically seasonal as a result of regular customer maintenance and model changeover shutdowns, which typically occur in the third and fourth quarter of each calendar year. This seasonality may result in decreased net sales and profitability during the third and fourth fiscal quarters of each calendar year. Weakness in overall economic conditions or in the markets that we serve, or significant reductions by our customers in their inventory levels or future production rates, could result in decreased demand for our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

16


        We are primarily a components supplier to the heavy- and medium-duty truck industries, which are characterized by a small number of OEMs that are able to exert considerable pressure on components suppliers to reduce costs, improve quality and provide additional design and engineering capabilities. Given the fragmented nature of the industry, OEMs continue to demand and receive price reductions and measurable increases in quality through their use of competitive selection processes, rating programs and various other arrangements. We may be unable to generate sufficient production cost savings in the future to offset such price reductions. OEMs may also seek to save costs by relocating production to countries with lower cost structures, which could in turn lead them to purchase components from local suppliers with lower production costs. Additionally, OEMs have generally required component suppliers to provide more design engineering input at earlier stages of the product development process, the costs of which have, in some cases, been absorbed by the suppliers. Future price reductions, increased quality standards and additional engineering capabilities required by OEMs may reduce our profitability and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Integrating TTI and any future acquired business requires substantial management, financial and other resources and may pose risks with respect to customer service and market share. Furthermore, integrating TTI or any business acquired in the future involves a number of special risks, some or all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. These risks include:

        Any one or a combination of these factors may cause our revenues or earnings to decline and we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or enhance the profitability of TTI or any acquired business or consolidate its operations to achieve cost savings.

        In addition, there may be liabilities that we fail, or are unable, to discover in the course of performing due diligence investigations on each company or business we have already acquired or may acquire in the future. Such liabilities could include those arising from employee benefits contribution obligations of a prior owner or non-compliance with applicable federal, state or local environmental requirements by prior owners for which we, as a successor owner, may be responsible. We cannot assure you that rights to indemnification by sellers of assets to us, even if obtained, will be enforceable, collectible or sufficient in amount, scope or duration to fully offset the possible liabilities associated

17



with the business or property acquired. Any such liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material averse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        As a result of the TTI merger, our workforce increased from approximately 1,800 employees to over 4,700 employees based at 17 facilities in North America and we do not presently anticipate any layoffs in connection with the TTI merger. We will face challenges inherent in efficiently managing an increased number of employees over large geographic distances, including the need to implement appropriate systems, policies, benefits and compliance programs. The inability to successfully manage the substantially larger organization, or any significant delay in achieving successful management, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial position.

        In connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The material weaknesses noted include: (1) weaknesses related to field level controls at TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations, which demonstrated local managements' lack of consistent understanding and compliance with TTI's policies and procedures and which included errors that resulted in certain book to physical inventory adjustments; and (2) a weakness related to the corporate level financial reporting, which consisted of the failure to adequately review the work of a third party actuarial consultant requiring an adjustment to our workers' compensation liability. For a further description of the nature of the material weaknesses and the Company's remediation efforts, see "Business—Internal Control over Financial Reporting."

        In response to the material weaknesses identified by Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to TTI's internal control over financial reporting, management is implementing additional procedures and controls to remediate the material weaknesses. Actions being taken by management to remediate the material weaknesses with respect to TTI include: (i) monitor compliance with TTI's policies and procedures at the operating locations; (ii) develop targeted site reviews for locations that possess the weakest records of complying with TTI's policies and procedures; and (iii) review all assumptions and data provided to TTI by third party service providers. However, if not properly implemented, these measures may not completely eliminate the material weaknesses identified. The existence of one or more material weaknesses or reportable conditions could result in errors in or restatements of our financial statements and inhibit the Company's ability to produce reliable financial reports, which may cause investors to lose confidence in the Company's reported financial information and have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and stock price.

        The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. We compete with a number of other manufacturers and distributors that produce and sell similar products. Our products primarily compete on the basis of price, manufacturing and distribution capability, product design, product quality, product delivery and product service. Some of our competitors are companies, or divisions, units or subsidiaries of companies, that are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do.

18


Our products may not be able to compete successfully with the products of our competitors. In addition, our competitors may foresee the course of market development more accurately than we do, develop products that are superior to our products, have the ability to produce similar products at a lower cost than we can or adapt more quickly than we do to new technologies or evolving regulatory, industry or customer requirements. As a result, our products may not be able to compete successfully with their products. In addition, OEMs may expand their internal production of wheels, shift sourcing to other suppliers or take other actions that could reduce the market for our products and have a negative impact on our business. We may encounter increased competition in the future from existing competitors or new competitors. We expect these competitive pressures in our markets to remain strong. See "Business—Competition."

        In addition, potential competition from foreign truck components suppliers, especially in the aftermarket, may lead to an increase in truck components imports into North America, adversely affecting our market share and negatively affecting our ability to compete. Foreign truck components suppliers may in the future increase their currently modest share of the markets for truck components in which we compete. Some of these foreign suppliers may be owned, controlled or subsidized by their governments, and their decisions with respect to production, sales and exports may be influenced more by political and economic policy considerations than by prevailing market conditions. In addition, foreign truck components suppliers may be subject to less restrictive regulatory and environmental regimes that could provide them with a cost advantage relative to North American suppliers. Therefore, there is a risk that some foreign suppliers may increase their sales of truck components in North American markets despite decreasing profit margins or losses. If future trade cases do not provide relief from such potential trade practices, U.S. protective trade laws are weakened or international demand for trucks and/or truck components decreases, an increase of truck component imports into the United States may occur, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        In the normal course of doing business, we are exposed to risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates, particularly with respect to the Canadian dollar. We use forward foreign exchange contracts, and other derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, to offset the impact of the variability in exchange rates on our operations, cash flows, assets and liabilities. At December 31, 2004, we had open foreign exchange forward contracts of $24.8 million. Factors that could further impact the risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates include the accuracy of our sales estimates, volatility of currency markets and the cost and availability of derivative instruments. For example, during 2004, we experienced an 8.2% adverse change in the Canadian dollar. This resulted in a $10.2 million adverse impact on our 2004 earnings before taxes. This quantification of exposure to the market risk does not take into account the $4.2 million offsetting impact of derivative instruments. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Foreign Currency Risk."

        We must continue to meet our customers' demand for our products and services. However, we may not be successful in doing so. If our customers' demand for our products and/or services exceeds our ability to meet that demand, we may be unable to continue to provide our customers with the products and/or services they require to meet their business needs. Factors that could result in our inability to meet customer demands include an unforeseen spike in demand for our products and/or services, a failure by one or more of our suppliers to supply us with the raw materials and other resources that we need to operate our business effectively or poor management of our company or one or more divisions

19


or units of our company, among other factors. Our ability to provide our customers with products and services in a reliable and timely manner, in the quantity and quality desired and with a high level of customer service, may be severely diminished as a result. If this happens, we may lose some or all of our customers to one or more of our competitors, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        In addition, it is important that we continue to meet our customers' demands in the truck components industry for product innovation, improvement and enhancement, including the continued development of new-generation products, design improvements and innovations that improve the quality and efficiency of our products. Developing product innovations for the truck components industry has been and will continue to be a significant part of our strategy. However, such development will require us to continue to invest in research and development and sales and marketing. In the future, we may not have sufficient resources to make such necessary investments, or we may be unable to make the technological advances necessary to carry out product innovations sufficient to meet our customers' demands. We are also subject to the risks generally associated with product development, including lack of market acceptance, delays in product development and failure of products to operate properly. We may, as a result of these factors, be unable to meaningfully focus on product innovation as a strategy and may therefore be unable to meet our customers' demand for product innovation.

        We manufacture our products at 17 facilities and provide logistical services at six just-in-time sequencing facilities in the United States. An interruption in production or service capabilities at any of these facilities as a result of equipment failure or other reasons could result in our inability to produce our products, which would reduce our net sales and earnings for the affected period. In the event of a stoppage in production at any of our facilities, even if only temporary, or if we experience delays as a result of events that are beyond our control, delivery times to our customers could be severely affected. Any significant delay in deliveries to our customers could lead to increased returns or cancellations and cause us to lose future sales. Our facilities are also subject to the risk of catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events such as fires, explosions or violent weather conditions. We may experience plant shutdowns or periods of reduced production as a result of equipment failure, delays in deliveries or catastrophic loss, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are subject to the risk of exposure to product liability, warranty and product recall claims in the event any of our products results in property damage, personal injury or death, or does not conform to specifications. We may not be able to continue to maintain suitable and adequate insurance in excess of our self-insured amounts on acceptable terms that will provide adequate protection against potential liabilities. In addition, if any of our products proves to be defective, we may be required to participate in a recall involving such products. A successful claim brought against us in excess of available insurance coverage, if any, or a requirement to participate in any product recall, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        On a pro forma basis, as of December 31, 2004, approximately 48% of our workforce was represented by unions. As a result, we are subject to the risk of work stoppages and other labor relations matters. Any prolonged work stoppage or strike at any one of our principal unionized facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial

20


condition. In addition, certain of our facilities have separate agreements covering the workers at each such facility and, as a result, we have collective bargaining agreements with several different unions. These collective bargaining agreements expire at various times over the next few years, with no contract expiring before April 2005, with the exception of our union contract with our hourly employees at our Monterrey, Mexico facility, which is renewed on an annual basis. Negotiations to renew our union contract with the United Auto Workers covering hourly employees at our Rockford, Illinois facility, which expires in April 2005, began on March 30, 2005. Any failure by us to reach a new agreement upon expiration of such union contracts may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In June 2004, certain employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility elected to be represented by United Auto Workers. The initial contract is currently under negotiation and we do not anticipate that the unionization of the employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility will have an adverse effect on our operating costs. See "Business—Employees and Labor Unions."

        In addition, if any of our customers experiences a material work stoppage, that customer may halt or limit the purchase of our products. This could cause us to shut down production facilities relating to these products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our operations, facilities and properties are subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of contamination, and otherwise relating to health, safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources. As a result, we are involved from time to time in administrative or legal proceedings relating to environmental, health and safety matters, and have in the past incurred and will continue to incur capital costs and other expenditures relating to such matters. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our subsidiaries' ongoing operations, our subsidiaries are also subject to environmental remediation liability. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA, and analogous state laws, our subsidiaries may be liable as a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous materials into the environment. Our subsidiaries are currently involved in several matters relating to the investigation and/or remediation of locations where they have arranged for the disposal of foundry and other wastes. Such matters include situations in which we have been named or are believed to be Potentially Responsible Parties under CERCLA or state laws in connection with the contamination of these sites. Additionally, environmental remediation may be required to address soil and groundwater contamination identified at certain facilities.

        As of December 31, 2004, we had an environmental reserve of approximately $2.8 million, related primarily to our foundry operations. This reserve is based on current cost estimates and does not reduce estimated expenditures to net present value, but does take into account the benefit of a contractual indemnity given to us by a prior owner of our wheel-end subsidiary. We cannot assure you, however, that the indemnitor will fulfill its obligations, and the failure to do so could result in future costs that may be material. Any cash expenditures required by us or our subsidiaries to comply with applicable environmental laws and/or to pay for any remediation efforts will not be reduced or otherwise affected by the existence of the environmental reserve. Our environmental reserve may not be adequate to cover our future costs related to the sites associated with the environmental reserve, and any additional costs may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The discovery of additional sites, the modification of existing or the promulgation of new laws or regulations, more vigorous enforcement by regulators, the imposition of joint and several liability under CERCLA or analogous state laws, or other unanticipated events could also result in such a material adverse effect.

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        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        The final Iron and Steel Foundry National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, or NESHAP, was developed pursuant to Section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act and requires all major sources of hazardous air pollutants to install controls representative of maximum achievable control technology. We are evaluating the applicability of the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP to our foundry operations. If applicable, compliance with the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP may result in future significant capital costs, which we currently expect to be approximately $5 million in total during the period 2005 through 2007. See "Business—Environmental Matters."

        The protection of our intellectual property is important to our business. We rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, patents and trade secrets to provide protection in this regard, but this protection might be inadequate. For example, our pending or future trademark, copyright and patent applications might not be approved or, if allowed, they might not be of sufficient strength or scope. Conversely, third parties might assert that our technologies or other intellectual property infringe on their proprietary rights. Although we have not had litigation with respect to such matters in the past, litigation, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of our efforts, might be necessary, and whether or not we are ultimately successful, the litigation could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. See "Business—Intellectual Property."

        We are regularly subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as workers' compensation claims, OSHA investigations, employment disputes, unfair labor practice charges, customer and supplier disputes and product liability claims arising out of the conduct of our business. Litigation may result in substantial costs and may divert management's attention and resources, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our success largely depends on the efforts and abilities of our executive officers, who have collectively been employees of either Accuride or TTI for over 50 years. Their skills, experience and industry contacts significantly benefit us. The loss of any one of them, in particular Mr. Keating, who joined Accuride in December 1996, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. While certain of our executive officers are parties to severance or employment agreements, only Messrs. Weller and Cirar have employment commitments for one year terms. All of our other employees are at will. Our future success will also depend in part upon our continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel.

        Certain of our senior management employees have entered into potentially costly severance arrangements with us. For example, in connection with the TTI merger, we entered into employment

22


agreements with Messrs. Weller, Cirar and Mueller. Mr. Weller's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of the termination of Mr. Weller's employment "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) at any time prior to August 2, 2007, then Mr. Weller would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum payment equal to two times his base salary and the greater of his target bonus under the Accuride annual incentive compensation plan, his target bonus in 2004 from TTI or the average bonus he received for each of 2002, 2003 and 2004 from TTI. Based on his current base salary and his 2004 target TTI bonus, this severance amount would be approximately $1,815,000. Mr. Cirar's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of the termination of Mr. Cirar's employment "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) at any time prior to August 2, 2007, then Mr. Cirar would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum cash payment equal to $1,772,000. Mr. Mueller's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of termination of Mr. Mueller's employment "without Cause" (as defined therein) or Mr. Mueller terminating his employment for any reason on or after April 30, 2005, then Mr. Mueller would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum payment of up to $825,000. Additionally, the employment agreements of Messrs. Weller, Cirar and Mueller contain three year post-employment non-compete and non-solicitation provisions of either customers or employees for which Mr. Weller will receive a lump sum payment equal to his base salary and target bonus for the year of his termination and for which Messrs. Cirar and Mueller will receive cash payments of $886,000 and $530,000, respectively. See "Management—Employment Agreements."

        Severance agreements with certain other senior management employees provide that in the event of any such employee's termination "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) we will pay such employee one year's base salary. As of December 31, 2004, in the event we terminated Mr. Keating, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Armstrong, Ms. Hamme or Mr. Taylor, we would have to make cash payments of $365,137, $296,480, $209,885, $187,355 and $177,850, respectively. See "Management—Severance Agreements."

        In addition, we have entered into change in control agreements with certain senior management employees, including, Mr. Keating, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Armstrong, Ms. Hamme and Mr. Taylor that provide for significant severance payments in the event such employee's employment with us is terminated within 18 months of a change in control or partial change in control (each as defined in the agreement) either by the employee for good reason or by us for any reason other than cause, disability, normal retirement or death. A change in control under these agreements includes any transaction or series of related transactions as a result of which at least a majority of our voting power is not held, directly or indirectly, by the persons or entities who held our securities with voting power before such transactions and KKR has liquidated at least 50% of its equity investment valued at such time for cash consideration. These agreements would make it costly for us to terminate certain of our senior management employees and such costs may also discourage potential acquisition proposals, which may negatively affect our stock price. See "Management—Severance Agreements."

        Changes in regulatory, legislative or industry requirements may render certain of our products obsolete or less attractive. Our ability to anticipate changes in these requirements, especially changes in regulatory standards, will be a significant factor in our ability to remain competitive. We cannot assure you that we will be able to comply in the future with new regulatory, legislative and/or industrial standards that may be necessary for us to remain competitive or that certain of our products will not, as a result, become obsolete or less attractive to our customers.

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        This prospectus contains market and industry data, primarily from reports published by ACT, ATA and from internal company surveys, studies and research, related to the truck components industry and its segments, as well as the truck industry in general. This data includes estimates and forecasts regarding future growth in these industries, specifically data related to heavy- and medium-duty truck production, truck freight growth and the historical average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks. Such data has been published in industry publications that typically indicate that they have derived the data from sources believed to be reasonable, but do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. We have not independently verified the data or any of the assumptions on which any estimates or forecasts are based. Similarly, internal company surveys, studies and research, which while we believe to be reliable, have not been verified by any independent sources. The failure of the truck industry and/or the truck components industry to continue to grow as forecasted may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Other Risks Related to Our Business

        As of December 31, 2004, our pro forma as adjusted indebtedness was $753.8 million. Our substantial level of indebtedness could have important negative consequences to you and us, including:


        You should also be aware that certain of our borrowings are and will continue to be at variable rates of interest, which exposes us to the risk of increasing interest rates. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the carrying value of our total debt would have been $753.8 million, of which $478.8 million, or approximately 64%, would have been subject to variable interest rates. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness would increase

24


even though the amount borrowed remains the same. See "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride."

        We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. Although our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, such restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and under certain circumstances indebtedness incurred in compliance with such restrictions could be substantial. For example, we may incur additional debt to, among other things, finance future acquisitions, expand through internal growth, fund our working capital needs, comply with regulatory requirements, respond to competition or for general financial reasons alone. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the revolving credit facility under our new senior credit facilities would have provided for additional borrowings of up to $95 million under our U.S. revolving credit facility and $5 million under our Canadian revolving credit facility. To the extent new debt is added to our and our subsidiaries' current debt levels, the risks described above would increase.

        Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures and research and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

        We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us under our new credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations, obtain additional equity capital or refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial cash flow problems and might be required to sell material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. We cannot assure you as to the timing of such asset sales or the proceeds which we could realize from such sales and we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, including our new senior credit facilities and new senior subordinated notes, on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

        Our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes impose, and the terms of any future indebtedness may impose, operating and other restrictions on us. Such restrictions will affect, and in many respects limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability to:

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        In addition, our new senior credit facilities include other more restrictive covenants and prohibit us from prepaying our other indebtedness, including our new senior subordinated notes, while borrowings under our new senior credit facilities are outstanding. Our new senior credit facilities also require us to achieve certain financial and operating results and maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. Our ability to comply with these ratios may be affected by events beyond our control.

        If we are unable to comply with the restrictions contained in the credit facilities, the lenders could:


any of which would result in an event of default under our new senior subordinated notes. If we were unable to repay or otherwise refinance these borrowings when due, our lenders could sell the collateral securing our new senior credit facilities, which constitutes substantially all of our and our subsidiaries' assets. Although holders of the senior subordinated notes could accelerate the notes upon the acceleration of the obligations under our credit facilities, we cannot assure you that sufficient assets will remain after we have paid all the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities and any other senior debt to repay the senior subordinated notes.

Risks Related to the Offering and Our Common Stock

        The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the offering, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future equity offerings.

        There will be 32,622,690 shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after the offering. All of the 10,000,000 shares of our common stock sold in the offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except for shares purchased by our "affiliates" as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. After the offering, approximately 22,622,690 shares of common stock will be either "restricted securities" or affiliate securities as defined in Rule 144. Subject to the 180-day lock-up agreements with the underwriters, these restricted securities may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted under Rule 144. Approximately 20,873,212 outstanding shares of these restricted or affiliate securities will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 subject to applicable holding period, volume limitations, manner of sale and notice requirements set forth in applicable SEC rules, and approximately 1,749,478 shares of the restricted securities will be saleable without regard to these restrictions under Rule 144(k). See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Sales of Restricted Shares."

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        We and our executive officers and directors and substantially all of our stockholders have entered into 180-day lock-up agreements with the underwriters. The lock-up agreements prohibit each of us from selling or otherwise disposing of shares of common stock except in limited circumstances. The lock-up agreements are contractual agreements, and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC, at their discretion, can waive the restrictions of any lock-up agreement at an earlier time without prior notice or announcement and allow any of us to sell shares of common stock. If the restrictions in the lock-up agreements are waived, shares of our common stock will be available for sale into the public market, subject to applicable securities laws, which could reduce the market price for shares of our common stock. See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Lock-Up Agreements."

        We have also entered into an amended registration rights agreement in connection with the TTI merger providing for customary demand and piggyback registration rights to certain of our principal stockholders. Such agreement provides certain affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P., or KKR, and certain affiliates of Trimaran Capital Partners, or Trimaran, with the right to cause us to register the sale of their shares of our common stock in the future. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement." In addition, shares of our common stock are reserved for future issuance upon the exercise of stock options. We may also issue our common stock in connection with investments or repayment of our debt. The amount of such common stock issued could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding common stock. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or the effect, if any, that future sales and issuances of shares of our common stock would have on the market price of our common stock.

        You will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the per share value of our tangible assets after subtracting our total liabilities. As of December 31, 2004, after giving effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock, our pro forma net tangible book value was a deficit of $32.33 per share of common stock. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock in the offering, less underwriting discounts, offering-related expenses and other expenses and the completion of the transactions outlined in "Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Data," including the application of the net proceeds in accordance with "Use of Proceeds," our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 would have been a deficit of $11.75 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $20.58 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $22.75 per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in the offering. See "Dilution."

        The trading price of our common stock may be volatile in response to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including actual or anticipated variations in quarterly financial results, changes in financial estimates by securities analysts and announcements by our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments. In addition, our financial results may be below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. If this were to occur, the market price of our common stock could decrease, perhaps significantly.

        In addition, the U.S. securities markets have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations often have been unrelated to the operating performance of companies in these markets. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of an individual company's securities, securities class action litigation often has been instituted against that company. The institution of similar litigation against us could result in substantial costs and a

27



diversion of our management's attention and resources, which could negatively affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        This is our initial public offering, which means that our common stock currently does not trade in any market. Upon the consummation of the offering, our common stock may not trade actively. In addition, our common stock may have limited trading volume, and many investors may not be interested in owning our common stock because of the inability to acquire or sell a substantial block of our common stock at one time. This illiquidity could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. An illiquid market for our common stock may result in price volatility and poor execution of buy and sell orders for investors. The initial public offering price for shares of our common stock is or will be determined by negotiations between us and the underwriters and may bear no relationship to the price at which the common stock will trade after the offering.

        Under Delaware law, we may pay dividends, in cash or otherwise, only if we have surplus in an amount at least equal to the amount of the relevant dividend payment. Any payment of cash dividends will depend upon our financial condition, capital requirements, earnings and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Further, our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes will restrict our ability to pay cash dividends. Agreements governing future indebtedness will likely contain similar restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends. We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. See "Dividend Policy."

        Immediately after the offering, our principal stockholders will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 64.5% of our outstanding common stock, including 39.1% and 17.6% of our outstanding common stock beneficially owned by KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., respectively, and our executive officers and directors will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 61.2% of our outstanding common stock. Our principal stockholders, executive officers and directors will together beneficially own approximately 69.1% of our outstanding common stock (taking into account that some shares are considered beneficially owned by both principal stockholders and executive officers). In addition, immediately after the offering, KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. each have the right to appoint four and three members of our board of directors, respectively. As a result, our principal stockholders, executive officers and directors, as a group, will be able to influence or control substantially all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including, without limitation, the election of directors and mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of our assets, and they may do so in a manner with which you may not agree or which may be adverse to your interests. For example, they could (1) cause our company to enter into transactions with their affiliates that are adverse to our interests or (2) cause us to redeem or make payments on securities owned by them. In addition, this concentration of ownership may have the effect of preventing, discouraging or deferring a change of control, which could depress the market price of our common stock. See "Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders," "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" and "Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock."

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        Provisions of our charter documents and the General Corporation Law of Delaware, the state in which we are organized, could discourage potential acquisition proposals or make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our company, even if doing so might be beneficial to our stockholders. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for various procedural and other requirements that could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. For example, our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of unissued series of preferred stock without any vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors can therefore authorize and issue shares of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting or other rights of holders of our common stock. Additional provisions that could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions include:

        See "Description of Capital Stock." These provisions may make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock or may delay, prevent or deter a merger, acquisition, tender offer or proxy contest, which may negatively affect our stock price.

        Although Accuride has had publicly traded debt securities outstanding for approximately six years and has been a voluntary reporting company during that time, as a company with publicly traded equity securities, we expect to incur additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange, have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, as a result of this offering, we will create additional board committees and will adopt additional policies regarding internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. We also expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. Despite the fact that TTI had publicly traded equity securities until it was acquired in a going-private transaction in March 2000 and despite Accuride's experience as a voluntary reporting company, we cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we will incur or the timing of such costs.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        We make "forward-looking statements" in the "Prospectus Summary," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Industry" and "Business" sections and elsewhere throughout this prospectus. Whenever you read a statement that is not simply a statement of historical fact (such as when we describe what we "believe," "expect" or "anticipate" will occur, and other similar statements), you must remember that our expectations may not be correct, even though we believe that they are reasonable. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described in this prospectus will happen as described or that they will happen at all. You should read this prospectus completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation, beyond that required by law, to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made, even though our situation will change in the future.

        Whether actual results will conform with our expectations and predictions is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, and reflect future business decisions that are subject to change. Some of the assumptions, future results and levels of performance expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements we make inevitably will not materialize, and unanticipated events may occur which will affect our results. The "Risk Factors" section of this prospectus describes the principal contingencies and uncertainties to which we believe we are subject.

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TTI MERGER

        On December 24, 2004, Accuride, Amber Acquisition Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, TTI, the persons listed on Annex I to the merger agreement, whom we refer to as the signing stockholders, and Andrew Weller, Jay Bloom and Mark Dalton, as the TTI Stockholder Representatives, entered into an agreement and plan of merger, which was amended on January 28, 2005. We refer to the agreement and plan of merger, as amended, as the merger agreement. Pursuant to the merger agreement, on January 31, 2005, Accuride acquired TTI through the merger of Amber Acquisition Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, with and into TTI, with TTI continuing as the surviving corporation, which we refer to as the TTI merger.

        At the effective time of and as a result of the TTI merger, (1) each share of TTI common stock, TTI Series D Preferred Stock and TTI Series E Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive the number of shares of our common stock equal to the applicable exchange ratio specified in the merger agreement, (2) each share of TTI Series A Preferred Stock and TTI Series C Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive the number of shares of our common stock equal to the applicable exchange ratio specified in the merger agreement and the right to receive a certain number of additional shares of our common stock contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, (3) all shares of common stock and preferred stock held in the treasury of TTI, or any of its subsidiaries, were cancelled and retired, (4) each outstanding option to purchase TTI common stock was terminated and (5) each outstanding warrant to purchase TTI common stock was terminated. Certain holders of TTI's common stock and preferred stock received cash from TTI in exchange for their interests in TTI prior to the closing. The number of shares of common stock issued by us to holders of preferred and common stock of TTI in connection with the TTI merger was 7,964,236. In addition, up to a maximum of 1,142,495 shares of common stock will become issuable to former holders of TTI Series A Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock upon the closing of this offering, with the specific number of issuable shares determined as set forth in the merger agreement and described below. We refer to the additional shares as contingent shares.

        The contingent shares to be issued to former TTI stockholders will be determined based upon TTI's achievement of certain EBITDA targets for the first quarter of 2005 and the initial public offering price of a share of our common stock in this offering. We have determined that TTI's full EBITDA targets for the first quarter have been achieved. Based upon TTI's achievement of the EBITDA targets, the contingent shares to be issued to former TTI stockholders will be:

        Assuming an initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, the midpoint of the range on the front cover of this prospectus, no shares of contingent stock will be issued to the former TTI stockholders.

        On February 1, 2005, our board of directors was increased from four to seven members, consisting of the four former Accuride directors, Messrs. Fisher, Greene, Goltz and Keating, and three former directors of TTI, Messrs. Bloom, Dalton and Weller. On March 3, 2005, our board of directors was increased from seven to eight members and James C. Momtazee was appointed as the eighth director. Our board of directors has subsequently been increased to ten members with the addition of Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler and Donald C. Roof. Mr. Keating serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and Mr. Murphy continues to serve as our Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Weller, former President and Chief Executive Officer of TTI, now serves as Executive Vice President of Accuride in charge of Components Operations and Integration. In addition, Mr. Cirar, who was formerly an executive officer of TTI, serves as our Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $99.3 million based on an assumed initial public offering price of $11.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

        We plan to use our net proceeds from this offering as follows:


DIVIDEND POLICY

        We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. For the foreseeable future, we intend to retain any earnings and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes restrict our ability to pay dividends. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources." Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon then existing conditions, including our financial condition and results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors that our board of directors considers relevant. Furthermore, as a holding company, we depend on the cash flow of our subsidiaries.

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CAPITALIZATION

        The following table sets forth our cash position and capitalization as of December 31, 2004, on (1) an actual basis, (2) a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Transactions and (3) a pro forma basis as further adjusted to give effect to:

        This table should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to the financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. See "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

 
  As of December 31, 2004
 
 
  Actual
  Pro Forma for the
Transactions

  Pro Forma as
Adjusted

 
      (unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 71,843   $ 47,798   $ 47,798  
   
 
 
 
Long-term debt (including current portion):                    
  Revolving credit facilities(a)   $ 25,000   $ 25,000   $ 25,000  
  Term credit facility     274,100     550,000     450,675  
  Senior subordinated notes     189,580     275,000     275,000  
  Other debt     0     3,100     3,100  
   
 
 
 
    Total long-term debt (including current portion)   $ 488,680   $ 853,100   $ 753,775  
   
 
 
 
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)                    
  Preferred stock (par value)     0     0     0  
  Common stock (par value) and additional paid-in-capital   $ 52,086   $ 144,086   $ 243,411  
  Treasury stock     (735 )   (735 )   (735 )
  Accumulated deficit     (83,810 )   (105,119 )   (105,536 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss     (12,113 )   (12,113 )   (12,113 )
   
 
 
 
    Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)   $ (44,572 ) $ 26,119   $ 125,027  
   
 
 
 
    Total capitalization   $ 444,108   $ 879,219   $ 878,802  
   
 
 
 

(a)
Our new senior credit facilities provide for borrowings of up to $95.0 million under our U.S. revolving credit facility and $30.0 million under our Canadian revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, we would have had revolving loans outstanding of $25.0 million.

33



DILUTION

        If you invest in our common stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after the offering.

        Calculations relating to shares of common stock in the following discussion and tables assume that the following have occurred as of December 31, 2004:

        Our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 was a deficit of approximately $492.2 million, or negative $32.33 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share represents total tangible assets (total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets) less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock in this offering, less underwriting discounts, offering-related expenses and other expenses, including the application of the net proceeds in accordance with "Use of Proceeds," our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 would have been a deficit of approximately $393.3 million, or negative $11.75 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $20.58 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $22.75 per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in the offering.

        The following table illustrates this dilution:

Assumed initial public offering price per share   $ 11.00  
   
 
Pro forma net tangible deficit per share as of December 31, 2004     (32.33 )
Increase per share   $ 20.58  
   
 
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible deficit per share     (11.75 )
   
 
  Dilution per share to new investors   $ 22.75  
   
 

        The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the total number of shares of common stock acquired from our company for cash during the past five years by existing stockholders, and the total consideration received by us and the average price per share paid by them and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the offering, before deducting the underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses that we will pay:

 
  Shares purchased
  Total consideration
   
 
  Average
price per
share

 
  Number
  Percent
  Amount
  Percent
Existing stockholders purchasing shares in the past five years(1)   3,901   0.0 % $ 21,300   0.0 % $ 5.46
New investors   10,000,000   100.0 % $ 110,000,000   100.0 % $ 11.00
   
 
 
 
     
  Total   10,003,901   100.0 % $ 110,021,300   100.0 % $ 11.00
   
 
 
 
     

(1)
Reflects an average per share price of $5.48 for the 22,622,690 shares of our common stock which will be outstanding after giving effect to the 591-for-one split.

34


        If the underwriters exercise their overallotment option in full, the number of shares held by new investors will be increased by 1,500,000, or approximately 4.40% of the total number of outstanding shares of our common stock.

        The foregoing excludes 1,424,344 shares issuable upon exercise of currently outstanding options under the Accuride Corporation 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan, which we refer to as the 1998 Plan, and 829,265 shares issuable upon the exercise of new options to be issued concurrently with consummation of the offering under our new Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan, which options we anticipate will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We anticipate that the exercise price will be $11.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The 1,424,344 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding under our 1998 Plan have a weighted average exercise price of $4.53 per share.

35



PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

        The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements have been derived from the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical consolidated financial statements of Accuride and TTI and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and other financial data appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have actually occurred if the Transactions and the offering had been in effect on the dates indicated below or that may occur in the future.

        The accompanying unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet of the combined companies at December 31, 2004 and the related unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 give effect on a pro forma as adjusted basis to the Transactions, as described on page 7 of this prospectus, and the offering as described on page 8.

        The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 have been prepared to reflect the Transactions and the offering as if they were consummated on January 1, 2004. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet reflects the Transactions and the offering as if they were consummated on December 31, 2004. The unaudited pro forma adjustments and preliminary allocation of purchase price are based upon valuations and other studies that have not yet been completed. Accordingly, the actual allocation of purchase price and the resulting effect on income from operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts included herein. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted financial information is presented for informational purposes only.

36



Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2004

 
  Accuride
Historical

  TTI
Historical

  Adjustments
Acquisition

  Notes
  Adjustments
Financing

  Notes
  Adjustments
Offering

  Notes
  Pro Forma
as Adjusted

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
CURRENT ASSETS:                                                  
  Cash and cash equivalents   $ 71,843   $ 1,150   $ (14,500 ) a(i)   $ (10,695 ) b(i)   $
99,325
(99,325

)
c(i)
c(i)
  $ 47,798  
  Customer receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts     55,067     72,948                                   128,015  
  Other receivables     4,008                                       4,008  
  Inventories, net     47,343     54,458     5,473
2,050
  a(ii)
a(iii)
                        109,324  
  Supplies     13,027                                       13,027  
  Deferred income taxes     3,671     7,398                                   11,069  
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets     4,849     6,762                                   11,611  
   
 
 
     
               
 
    Total current assets     199,808     142,716     (6,977 )       (10,695 )                 324,852  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET     205,369     84,467     22,868   a(iv)                         312,704  
OTHER ASSETS:                                                  
  Goodwill     123,197     199,079     (199,079
252,558
)
a(v)
a(vi)
                        375,755  
  Investment in affiliates     3,752     0                                   3,752  
  Deferred financing costs     3,805     8,890     (8,890 ) a(vii)     (3,049
9,708
)
b(ii)
b(ii)
    (417 ) c(ii)     10,047  
  Deferred income taxes     16,900     0     (16,900 )                           0  
  Pension benefit plan asset     30,924     0                                   30,924  
  Intangible assets     0     41,695     (41,695
142,590
)
a(ix)
a(x)
                        142,590  
  Other     88     0                                   88  
   
 
 
     
     
     
 
TOTAL   $ 583,843   $ 476,847   $ 144,475       $ (4,036 )     $ (417 )     $ 1,200,712  
   
 
 
     
     
     
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)                                                  
CURRENT LIABILITIES:                                                  
  Accounts payable   $ 54,952   $ 67,198   $         $                   $ 122,150  
  Current portion of long-term debt     1,900     322,138     7,000   a(xii)     (324,038
5,500
(7,000
)

)
b(i)
b(i)
b(i)
              5,500  
  Accrued payroll and compensation     12,848     11,764     2,021   a(xi)                         26,633  
  Accrued interest payable     8,142     6,767               (14,909 ) b(i)                  
  Income taxes payable     7,790                                         7,790  
  Accrued and other liabilities     6,489     26,007     190   a(xviii)                         32,686  
   
 
 
     
               
 
    Total current liabilities     92,121     433,874     9,211         (340,447 )                 194,759  
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion     486,780     3,100               844,500
(487,100
320

)
b(i)
b(i)
b(iii)
  $ (99,325 ) c(i)     748,275  
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY     22,987     15,230     28,879   a(xiii)                         67,096  
PENSION BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY     25,836     11,973                                   37,809  
DEFERRED INCOME TAX LIABILITY           7,628     32,620
(16,900

)
a(xv)                         23,348  
OTHER LIABILITIES     691     3,042     665   a(xviii)                         4,398  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY):                                                  
  Preferred stock           2     (2 ) a(xvi)                         0  
  Common stock and additional paid in capital     52,086     217,044     (217,044
92,000
)
a(xvi)
a(xvii)
              99,325   c(i)     243,411  
  Treasury stock     (735 )   0                                   (735 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)     (12,113 )   (15,589 )   15,589   a(xvi)                         (12,113 )
  Retained earnings (deficit)     (83,810 )   (199,457 )   199,457   a(xvi)     (21,309 ) b(iv)     (417 ) c(ii)     (105,536 )
   
 
 
     
     
     
 
    Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (44,572 )   2,000     90,000         (21,309 )       98,908         125,027  
   
 
 
     
     
     
 
TOTAL   $ 583,843   $ 476,847   $ 144,475       $ (4,036 )     $ (417 )     $ 1,200,712  
   
 
 
     
     
     
 

See Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

37



Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Statement of Income
Year Ended December 31, 2004

 
  Accuride
Historical

  TTI
Historical

  Adjustments
Acquisitions

  Notes
  Adjustments
Financing

  Notes
  Adjustments
Offering

  Notes
  Pro Forma
as Adjusted

 
 
  (dollars in thousands, except per share data)

   
   
 
NET SALES   $ 494,008   $ 588,340   $         $                 $ 1,082,348  
COST OF GOODS SOLD     390,893     512,624     1,283
2,050
(3,840


)
d(i)
d(ii)
d(iii)
                      903,010  
   
 
 
     
             
 
GROSS PROFIT     103,115     75,716     507                         179,338  
OPERATING EXPENSES:                                                
  Selling, general and administrative     25,550     39,744     4,285
100
  d(iv)
d(vix)
                    69,679  
 
Severance expense for former CEO

 

 


 

 

3,460

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,460

 
  Merger costs           952                                 952  
  Loss on disposition of P, P&E         2,203                                 2,203  
  Failed IPO expense           2,908                                 2,908  
   
 
 
     
             
 
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS     77,565     26,449     (3,878 )                       100,136  
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                                                
  Interest income     244                                     244  
  Interest (expense)     (37,089 )   (31,928 )             2,458
14,914
  d(v)
d(vi)
  4,619
83
  d(vx)
d(vxi)
    (46,943 )
  Loss on debt extinguishment     0     (10,655 )             10,655   d(vii)             0  
  Equity in earnings of affiliates     646                                     646  
  Other income (expense), net     108                                     108  
   
 
 
     
             
 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES     41,474     (16,134 )   (3,878 )       28,027                 54,191  
INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)     19,698     (1,229 )   (1,512 ) d(viii)     10,930   d(viii)   1,834   d(viii)     29,721  
   
 
 
     
             
 
NET INCOME (LOSS)   $ 21,776   $ (14,905 ) $ (2,366 )     $ 17,097               $ 24,470  
               
     
                   
Preferred stock dividends         (31,075 )                                
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders   $ 21,776   $ (45,980 )                             $ 24,470  
   
 
                             
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic     14,656,948     2,674,418                                 32,621,184  
Basic earnings (loss) per share   $ 1.49   $ (17.19 )                             $ 0.75  
Weighted average common shares outstanding-diluted     15,224,332     2,674,418                                 33,476,976  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share   $ 1.43   $ (17.19 )                             $ 0.73  

See Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

38


Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1: Pro Forma Adjustments

    (a)
    The TTI merger will be accounted for by the purchase method of accounting. Under purchase accounting, the total purchase price will be allocated to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities of TTI based upon their respective fair values. This allocation will be based upon valuations and other studies that have not yet been completed. A preliminary allocation of the purchase price has been made to major categories of assets and liabilities based on available information. The actual allocation of purchase price and the resulting effect on income from operations may differ significantly from the pro forma as adjusted amounts included herein.

      The value of TTI was estimated by valuing each of TTI's operating segments individually and then summing these to determine the value of the consolidated entity. Discounted cash flow and market comparable approach indications of value, were used to determine a range of values for each operating segment. After reaching a conclusion on the combined value of the operating segments, the implied equity value of TTI was determined by subtracting TTI's debt on the date of the transaction. The implied equity value of TTI was $92 million. The TTI merger was valued based on appraisal information and other studies of the net assets acquired because we considered the fair value of the net assets acquired to be a more reliable measure of the fair value of TTI than the fair value of the shares issued to TTI stockholders on January 31, 2005.

      Included in the cost of the purchase are $14.5 million of direct costs including $8.5 million of advisory fees and $6.0 million of fees paid to outside consultants including legal, accounting, and appraisal services.

      Discounted cash flow analyses were prepared using five-year financial projections developed by our management based on their due diligence. The projections were prepared for each operating segment and included provisions for required investments in working capital and capital expenditures. The analyses used appropriate discount rates based on a weighted average cost of capital calculation utilizing equity returns generated by the Capital Asset Pricing Model. To estimate the residual value of each operating segment (the value of the segment after the explicit forecast period), the analyses utilized exit multiples consistent with those described in the market approach discussion below.

      A comprehensive market comparable approach was performed utilizing comparable companies, including companies in the heavy-duty truck industry. EBIT and EBITDA multiples were calculated for the comparable public companies using January 31, 2005 stock prices. Multiples were selected using the relevant comparable companies, on a unit by unit basis, based upon consideration of many factors including size, risk, profitability, quality of earnings, and growth expectations. The historical and forecasted EBIT and EBITDA of the

39



      TTI business units were then multiplied by the selected EBIT and EBITDA multiples to yield indications of value.

 
   
   
  (dollars in thousands)

   
Estimated Purchase Price of Equity                   $ 92,000   a(xvii)
Estimated Acquisition Costs                     14,500   a(i)
                   
   
                      106,500    
Net assets of TTI at historical costs                     2,000   a(xvi)
                   
   
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired at historical costs                   $ 104,500    
                   
   

Adjustments to Net Assets Acquired:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Elimination of existing goodwill         $ (199,079 ) a(v)          
Elimination of existing intangibles           (41,695 ) a(ix)          
Elimination TTI LIFO reserve           5,473   a(ii)          

Estimated Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (excluding Intangibles) in Excess of Book Value:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Increase in fair value of inventory           2,050   a(iii)          
Increase in property, plant and equipment           22,868   a(iv)          
Increase in pension and OPEB liability           (28,879 ) a(xiii)          
Increase in liabilities associated with severance contracts           (2,021 ) a(xi)          
Increase in liabilities associated with non-cancelable operating leases           (855 ) a(xviii)          
Elimination of deferred financing costs           (8,890 ) a(vii)          
Increase in fair value of long term debt—prepayment penalty           (7,000 ) a(xii)          

Estimated Fair Values of Intangible Assets Acquired:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Backlog (finite life)           650   a(x)          
Trade names (indefinite life)           38,080   a(x)          
Technology (finite life)           33,540   a(x)          
Customer relations (finite life)           70,320   a(x)          

Adjustments to Deferred Income Taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Total adjustments above (excluding goodwill)   $ 83,641                    
  Tax effect at 39%           (32,620 ) a(xv)     (148,058 )  
         
             
Excess of Purchase Price Over Identifiable Net Assets                     252,558   a(vi)
                   
   
                    $ 104,500    
                   
   

40


    (b)
    Assumptions related to refinancing adjustments for the unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004:

    b(i)
    Pro forma as adjusted results contemplate the refinancing of Accuride's and TTI's outstanding senior bank debt as well as the financing of Accuride and TTI's subordinated debt.

 
  As of December 31,
2004

 
Sources:        
New senior credit facilities        
  Term loan facility   $ 550,000 (a)
  Revolving credit facility     25,000  
  8 1 / 2 % senior subordinated notes     275,000  
   
 
    $ 850,000  
   
 
Uses:        
  Debt repayments/extinguishments:        
    Extinguish Accuride's senior subordinated notes   $ (189,900 )
    Extinguish TTI's senior subordinated notes     (100,000 )
    Repayment of Accuride's senior credit facilities     (299,100 )
    Repayment of TTI's senior credit facilities     (222,138 )
   
 
      (811,138 )(b)
   
 
  Payments of accrued interest and acquisition related accruals:        
    Interest     (14,909 )
    Redemption premium on TTI's senior credit facilities     (4,000 )
    Redemption premium on TTI's senior subordinated notes     (3,000 )
   
 
      (21,909 )
   
 
  Fees and expenses incurred and paid in connection with the refinancing     (27,648 )(c)
   
 
    $ (860,695 )
   
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents   $ 10,695  
   
 

              (a)   The new senior credit facilities require current amortization payments of $5,500 during 2005.

              (b)   The historical debt instruments refinanced included current portions of $324,038 and long-term portions of $487,100.

              (c)   Fees and expenses includes the following:

 
  Expensed
  Capitalized
  Total
As of December 31,
2004

Bank fees   $ 9,599       $ 9,599
Bond issuance fees       $ 6,875     6,875
Interest and pre-payment penalty     2,320         2,320
Call premium     2,928         2,928
Legal, accounting and advisory fees     3,093     2,833     5,926
   
 
 
    $ 17,940   $ 9,708   $ 27,648
   
 
 

41


      b(ii)
      The deferred financing costs of $3,049 related to historical debt has been expensed and $9,708 of the new financing fees included in the total fees and expenses incurred of $27,648 discussed in b(i)(c) have been capitalized and will be amortized over the term of the related debt.

      b(iii)
      Historic long-term debt includes $320 of unamortized bond discount related to Accuride's senior subordinated notes. Long-term debt has been increased to reflect the write-off of the unamortized discount.

      b(iv)
      Retained earnings decreased $21,309 as a result of $17,940 of fees and expenses associated with the financing that had not previously been accrued and were not capitalized, $3,049 of non-cash amortization of deferred financing costs (discussed in b(ii)), and $320 of non-cash amortization of bond discount.

    (c)
    Assumptions related to offering adjustments for the unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004:

    c(i)
    Reflects net proceeds from the offering and repayment of a portion of our new Term Loan B Facility:

Proceeds from sale of common stock in offering   $ 110,000  
  Less: underwriting fees and expenses     (7,425 )
  Less: other expenses of issuance and distribution     (3,250 )
   
 
    $ 99,325  
   
 
      c(ii)
      Reflects the write-off of deferred financing costs in the amount of $0.4 million related to the repayment of a portion of our new Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering calculated as follows:


 

 

 


 
Deferred financing costs—Term B   $ 2,308   d(v)
Prepayment of Term B (99.3/550)     18.1 %
   
 
Write-off of deferred financing fees   $ 417  
   
 
    (d)
    Assumptions for the unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2004:

    d(i)
    Depreciation expense has been revised to reflect preliminary allocations of fair values and increases in and remaining useful lives of assets as part of the TTI merger, as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Depreciation
Expense

 
Land   $ 5,712   n/a     n/a  
Building     37,402   9-19 years   $ 3,535  
Machinery & Equipment     65,854   1-14 years     11,018  
             
 
Total pro forma depreciation expense               14,553  
Less historical depreciation expense               (13,270 )
             
 
              $ 1,283  
             
 
      d(ii)
      Cost of sales has been increased by $2.1 million to reflect the sale of inventory that has been adjusted to fair value as part of the TTI merger.

42


      d(iii)
      Cost of sales has been decreased by $3.8 million to reverse the impact in expected changes in the LIFO reserve.

      d(iv)
      Amortization expense has been revised to reflect the preliminary allocations of intangible assets acquired, as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Amortization
Expense

 
Backlog   $ 650   Less than 1 year     n/a  
Trade names     38,080   indefinite     n/a  
Technology     33,540   10-15 years   $ 2,293  
Customer relationships     70,320   15-30 years     2,403  
             
 
Total pro forma amortization expense               4,696  
Less historical amortization expense               (411 )
             
 
              $ 4,285  
             
 
      d(v)
      Reversal of 2004 amortization of deferred financing costs of $3.9 million which had previously been charged to interest expense. This was offset by estimated amortization of deferred financing costs of $1.4 million on the financing calculated as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Amortization
Expense

Bank debt:                
  Term B   $ 2,308          
  Revolver     525          
   
         
Total bank debt     2,833   5 years   $ 573
Bond     6,875   10 years     688
   
         
      9,708          
Old revolver     756   5 years     151
   
     
    $ 10,464       $ 1,412
   
     
      d(vi)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense resulting from our new capital structure based on an assumed LIBOR of 240 basis points as follows:

Revolving credit facility (1)   $ 1,225  
Term Loan B facility (2)     25,575  
Senior Subordinated Notes (3)     23,375  
   
 
Total pro forma interest     50,175  
Less historical net interest     (65,089 )
   
 
    $ (14,914 )
   
 
      (1)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on our new revolving credit facility assuming an initial outstanding balance of $25.0 million at an interest rate of 4.90%.

      (2)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on our new Term Loan B facility assuming an initial outstanding balance of $550.0 million at an interest rate of 4.65%.

      (3)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on $275.0 million of notes offered at an interest rate of 8.5 percent.

43



    For the year ended December 31, 2004, a 1 / 8 % variance in the interest rate would cause a change in interest expense of $1.1 million.

    d(vii)
    Reversal of TTI's 2004 debt extinguishment costs of $10.7 million.

    d(viii)
    Tax effect of pro forma adjustments at 39%.

    d(vix)
    To reflect incremental difference between historical management services fees of $0.9 million and pro forma fees of $1.0 million (see Note 3).

    d(vx)
    Reflects reduction in pro forma interest expense resulting from the repayment of $99.3 million of our New Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering:

Repayment of Term Loan B facility   $ 99,325
Effective interest rate     4.65%
Reduction in interest expense   $ 4,619
   
      d(vxi)
      Reflects reduction in amortization expense of $0.1 million related to write-off of deferred financing fees related to the repayment of $99.3 million of our New Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering.


 

 

 


 
Write-off of deferred financing costs   $ 417   c(ii)
Divided by the term of the facility     5 years  
   
 
Amortization expense   $ 83  
   
 

Note 2: Earnings Per Share

        Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding. Unaudited pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share have been calculated in accordance with the SEC rules for initial public offerings. These rules require that the weighted average share calculation give retroactive effect to any changes in our capital structure as well as the number of shares whose sale proceeds will be used to repay any debt reflected in the pro forma adjustments.

        Set forth below is a reconciliation of our pro forma as adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted:

 
  Basic
  Diluted
Accuride historical weighted average outstanding shares   14,656,948   15,224,332
Issuance of common stock to TTI group as discussed on page 31   7,964,236   7,964,236
Additional dilutive stock equivalents resulting from the impact of the change in fair value of Accuride stock due to the TTI merger     288,408
Issuance of common stock in this offering   10,000,000   10,000,000
   
 
  Pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares   32,621,184   33,476,976
   
 

      Assuming an initial offering price of $11.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, zero additional shares will be issuable upon the completion of this offering; therefore, no contingent shares have been included in the calculation of pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares and calculations of earnings per

44


      share—basic and diluted. The minimum offering price required to trigger the issuance of contingent shares is $13.39.

Note 3: Management Services Agreement

        Pursuant to the management services agreement described in this prospectus, which is to be effective upon the completion of the TTI merger, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000, while Trimaran has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000.

Note 4: Pro Forma as Adjusted EBITDA

        Pro forma as adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning pro forma as adjusted EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation and certain covenants in the Company's borrowing arrangements are tied to similar measures. In addition, EBITDA is used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry.

        Pro forma as adjusted EBITDA consists of our pro forma as adjusted net income before pro forma as adjusted interest expense, pro forma as adjusted income tax expense and pro forma as adjusted depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our pro forma as adjusted net income to pro forma as adjusted EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

Pro Forma as adjusted net income   $ 24,470
  Income tax expense     29,721
  Interest expense     46,699
  Depreciation and amortization     47,687
   

Pro Forma as adjusted EBITDA

 

$

148,577
   

45


Note 5: Unusual Items (Increasing) Decreasing Pro Forma as Adjusted EBITDA

 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)   $ 362  
Net loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment (2)     2,203  
Chief executive officer severance (3)     3,460  
Transaction related costs (4)     3,860  
Business interruption costs (5)     (319 )
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement (6)     (108 )
Inventory adjustment (7)     2,050  
   
 

 

 

$

11,508

 
   
 

(1)
TTI's selling, general and administrative expenses in 2004 included $0.4 million, related to professional fees for the 2001 audit performed in connection with TTI's proposed initial public offering.

(2)
In the quarter ended June 30, 2004, TTI entered into negotiations with a buyer for the sale of certain of its assets held for sale at its Erie, Pennsylvania location at a price below carrying value. To comply with the requirements of SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," TTI recorded an impairment loss of $2.2 million.

(3)
In August 2004, TTI recorded severance expense of $3.5 million in connection with the retirement of its former chief executive officer.

(4)
Transaction related costs include $2.9 million of TTI's expenses related to the aborted initial public offering in 2004 and $1.0 million of expenses related to the merger in 2004.

(5)
Business interruption costs for 2004 included $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio and $0.5 million of additional cost associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. These costs were offset by insurance proceeds in the amount of $2.0 million related to our business interruption claim.

(6)
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement in 2004 included other income of $0.1 million.

(7)
Cost of sales on a pro forma basis included $2.1 million to reflect the sale of inventory that has been adjusted to fair value as part of the TTI merger.

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Note 6: Transaction Costs

        Excluding accrued interest and redemption premiums, we paid approximately $39.2 million of transaction fees and expenses as follows:

Acquisition costs      
  Advisory fees   $ 8,500
  Outside consultants     6,000
Financing costs      
  Bank fees     9,599
  Bond issuance fees     6,875
  Interest and pre-payment penalty     2,320
  Legal, accounting and advisory fees     5,926
   
    $ 39,220
   

Note 7: Net Operating Losses

        Under Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") Section 382, an ownership change can result in a limitation of a company's ability to utilize its net operating losses. Based on current projections of taxable income and the valuation of TTI, Accuride believes that following the TTI merger, Accuride will be able to fully utilize TTI's net operating losses. Accordingly, Accuride has determined that a valuation allowance against any deferred tax asset is not required as a result of the ownership change and the pro forma as adjusted financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to this matter. Additionally, this stock offering is likely to result in an "ownership change" of Accuride under IRC Section 382. Based on preliminary calculations, Accuride believes it will be able to fully utilize its net operating losses. Accordingly, Accuride has determined that a valuation allowance against any deferred tax asset is not required, and the pro forma as adjusted financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to this matter.

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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF ACCURIDE

        The following tables set forth our selected historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The selected historical consolidated financial statements and other data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for such periods, which have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The selected historical consolidated data are presented for informational purposes only and do not purport to project our financial position as of any future date or our results of operations for any future period. You should read the following selected historical financial information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and the information under "Capitalization" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

Selected Historical Operations Data

 
  Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 
Statement of Operations Data:                                
Net sales   $ 475,804   $ 332,071   $ 345,549   $ 364,258   $ 494,008  
Cost of sales(a)     396,587     298,275     286,232     301,428     390,893  
Gross profit(a)     79,217     33,796     59,317     62,830     103,115  
Operating expenses     29,494     31,000     24,014     23,918     25,550  
Income from operations(a)     49,723     2,796     35,303     38,912     77,565  
Interest income (expense), net(b)     (36,230 )   (40,199 )   (42,017 )   (49,877 )   (36,845 )
Equity in earnings of affiliates(c)     455     250     182     485     646  
Other income (expense), net(d)     (6,157 )   (9,837 )   1,430     825     108  
Income tax (expense) benefit     (5,278 )   13,836     (5,839 )   930     (19,698 )
Net income (loss)     2,513     (33,154 )   (10,941 )   (8,725 )   21,776  
Earnings (Loss) Per Share Data:(e)                                
  Basic   $ 0.17   $ (2.26 ) $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.49  
  Diluted     0.17     (2.26 )   (0.75 )   (0.60 )   1.43  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands):                                
  Basic     14,654     14,654     14,654     14,655     14,657  
  Diluted     14,677     14,654     14,654     14,655     15,224  
Balance Sheet Data (at year end):                                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 38,516   $ 47,708   $ 41,266   $ 42,692     71,843  
Working capital (deficit)(f)     12,977     7,364     21,712     35,845     37,744  
Total assets     515,271     498,223     515,167     528,297     583,843  
Total debt     448,886     476,550     474,155     490,475     488,680  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (29,200 )   (62,354 )   (53,249 )   (65,842 )   (44,572 )
Other Financial and Operating Data:                                
North American Class 8 heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                
  Operating activities     66,343     1,359     15,307     7,964     58,329  
  Investing activities     (51,688 )   (18,405 )   (19,766 )   (19,672 )   (27,272 )
  Financing activities     (8,632 )   26,238     (1,983 )   13,134     (1,906 )
EBITDA(g)     74,012     26,625     65,128     70,026     106,757  
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(h)     15,333     14,353     3,421     2,061     (427 )
Capital expenditures     50,420     17,705     19,316     20,261     26,421  
Depreciation and amortization(i)     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438  

(a)
Gross profit for 2000 reflected $5.0 million of costs related to integration and restructuring charges at our Monterrey, Mexico facility and $0.2 million of cost related to restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Gross profit for 2001 reflected $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility, $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities and a $2.7 million charge for impaired assets at the Monterrey, Mexico facility. Gross profit for 2002 reflected $0.9 million of costs related to a reduction in employee workforce, $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute in the Henderson, Kentucky facility plus $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production. Gross profit for 2003 reflected $2.2 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003, $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with the recent renewal of our labor contract at our facility

48


(b)
Includes $11.3 million of refinancing costs during the year ended December 31, 2003. In 2000, $2.5 million relates to a gain on extinguishment of debt resulting from the repurchase of $10.1 million principal amount of our senior subordinated notes for $7.3 million.

(c)
Includes our income from AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest.

(d)
Consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to the change in market value of our currency, commodity and interest rate derivative instruments.

(e)
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding after giving effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock.

(f)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(g)
EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation, and certain covenants in our borrowing arrangements are tied to this measure used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry. In addition, EBITDA is presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry. EBITDA consists of our net income (loss) before interest expense, income tax (expense) benefit, depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our net income (loss) to EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
  (dollars in thousands)

Net income (loss)   $ 2,513   $ (33,154 ) $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776
  Income tax expense (benefit)     5,278     (13,836 )   5,839     (930 )   19,698
  Interest expense     36,230     40,199     42,017     49,877     36,845
  Depreciation and amortization     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438
   
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 74,012   $ 26,625   $ 65,128   $ 70,026   $ 106,757
   
 
 
 
 
(h)
Net income (loss) was affected by the unusual items presented in the following table:

 
  Year Ended December 31,

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Restructuring and integration costs(1)   $ 6,032   $ 4,292   $ 2,334              
Aborted merger and acquisition costs(2)     3,147                          
Business interruption costs(3)                     $ 2,157   $ (319 )
Strike avoidance costs(4)                       444        
Other unusual items(5)           224     2,517     285        
Items related to our credit agreement(6)     6,154     9,837     (1,430 )   (825 )   (108 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 15,333   $ 14,353   $ 3,421   $ 2,061   $ (427 )
   
 
 
 
 
 

49


(i)
Effective January 1, 2002, Accuride adopted SFAS No. 142 "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." No goodwill amortization was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004.

50



MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following discussion contains management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for both Accuride and TTI and should be read in conjunction with the "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride," and the consolidated financial statements of Accuride and TTI and the related notes, all included elsewhere in this prospectus. This section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly under the heading "Risk Factors."

Accuride Corporation

General Overview

        We are one of the largest North American manufacturers of truck components for the heavy- and medium-duty truck industries, including the bus, commercial trailer and specialty vehicle markets. We primarily serve the North American medium-duty truck market and heavy-duty truck and commercial trailer market. In addition, we serve the light truck and other industrial markets.

        We design, manufacture and market one of the broadest portfolios of truck components in the industry. Our products include wheels and rims, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other truck components. We also manufacture products for various industrial end-markets, including industrial components and farm implements. Our products are marketed under what we believe are some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. Our product portfolio is supported by a centralized sales and marketing department and is manufactured in 17 strategically located facilities across the United States, Canada and Mexico.

        Our sales are affected to a significant degree by the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets, which are subject to significant fluctuations due to economic conditions, changes in the alternative methods of transportation and other factors. We cannot assure you that fluctuations in these markets will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We have one reportable segment: the design, manufacture and distribution of component parts for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. We sell our products primarily within North America and Latin America to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and to the aftermarket.

TTI Merger

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company. See "TTI Merger."

Related Transactions

        In connection with the TTI merger:

51


        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

Business Outlook

        Following a three-year industry downturn, the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets began to show signs of a cyclical recovery at the end of 2003. Freight growth, improved fleet profitability, equipment age, equipment utilization, and economic strength continue to drive order rates for new vehicles not seen in several years. The heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets and the related aftermarket are the primary drivers of our sales. These markets are, in turn, directly influenced by conditions in the North American truck industry generally and by overall economic growth and consumer spending. Current industry forecasts by analysts, including America's Commercial Transportation Publications, or ACT, predict that the North American truck industry will continue to gain momentum in 2005. We believe that the general economic recovery and pent-up demand should continue to drive the pace of recovery in the truck and commercial trailer industry. We cannot assure you, however, that the economic recovery will continue. Delayed or failed economic recovery could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our operating challenges are to meet these higher levels of production while improving our internal productivity, and at the same time, mitigate the margin pressure from rising material prices. Furthermore, we may be required to increase our level of outsourced production for some of our products due to production constraints, and such outsourcing may result in lower margins.

Financial Statement Presentation

        Net sales.     Our net sales are generated from the sale of truck components to the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets. The heavy- and medium-duty truck markets and the related aftermarket are the primary drivers of our sales. These markets are, in turn, directly influenced by conditions in the North American truck industry generally and by overall economic

52


growth and consumer spending. We also service a number of other markets, including light truck, industrial, construction, agriculture and lawn and garden, which are tied to general economic conditions except for the agriculture market, which is tied to those environmental and other factors that affect agricultural production.

        Cost of sales.     Our cost of sales includes the cost of raw materials such as steel, aluminum, steel scrap, pig iron, electricity, coke, natural gas, silicon sand, sand additives, coated sand, sheet and formed steel, bearings, purchased components, fasteners, foam, fabric and tube steel. The availability and price of steel, aluminum, steel scrap and pig iron are subject to market forces, including North American and international demand, freight costs, speculation and foreign exchange rates. During 2004 we experienced a sharp rise in raw material costs. We implemented raw material surcharges and price increases to our customers to offset a portion of the increases in these costs. Subsequently, some portion of the raw material surcharges were converted into price increases at Accuride. Our cost of sales also includes labor, utilities, freight, manufacturing depreciation and other manufacturing costs.

        Operating income.     Operating income represents net sales less cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses and other operating charges (credits).

Accuride Results of Operations

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net sales   $ 345,549   100.0 % $ 364,258   100.0 % $ 494,008   100.0 %
Gross profit     59,317   17.2 %   62,830   17.2 %   103,115   20.9 %
Operating expenses     24,014   6.9 %   23,918   6.6 %   25,550   5.2 %
Income from operations     35,303   10.2 %   38,912   10.7 %   77,565   15.7 %
Equity in earnings of affiliate     182   0.1 %   485   0.1 %   646   0.1 %
Other (income) expense     (40,587 ) (11.7 )%   (49,052 ) (13.5 )%   (36,737 ) (7.4 )%
Net income (loss)   $ (10,941 ) (3.2 )% $ (8,725 ) (2.4 )% $ 21,776   4.4 %

        Net sales.     Net sales increased by $129.7 million, or 35.6%, in 2004 to $494.0 million, compared to $364.3 million in 2003. Approximately $112.0 million of the increase in net sales was a result of the continuing cyclical recovery in the commercial vehicle industry resulting in increases in the sales volume of both steel and aluminum wheels. In addition to the increase in the sales volume, net sales increased approximately $12.0 million due to raw material surcharges and price increases that were necessitated by the rising costs of raw materials. Subsequently, some portion of the raw material surcharges were converted into price increases.

        Gross profit.     Gross profit increased $40.3 million, or 64.2%, to $103.1 million for 2004 from $62.8 million for 2003. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume and improved operating leverage. This increase was partially offset by unfavorable economics of approximately $18 million including steel surcharges and rising aluminum costs and the net impact of the strengthening Canadian Dollar in the amount of $6 million. These unfavorable economics were partially offset by the $12 million of price increases as discussed above.

        Operating expenses.     Operating expenses increased by $1.7 million, or 7.1% to $25.6 million for 2004 from $23.9 million for 2003. This increase is primarily the result of higher costs for performance based incentive compensation in 2004. As a percent of sales, operating expenses for 2004 decreased to 5.2%, compared to 6.6% for 2003.

53



        Equity in earnings of affiliates.     Equity in earnings of affiliates increased to $0.6 million for 2004 compared to $0.5 million for 2003 primarily as a result of an increase in sales volume driven by the on-going recovery in the commercial vehicle industry.

        Other income (expense).     Net interest expense decreased to $36.8 million for 2004 from $49.9 million for 2003 primarily as a result of the $11.3 million of refinancing costs we incurred during 2003 associated with the refinancing of our senior debt. Other income for 2004 was $0.1 million compared to other income of $0.8 million in 2003. The $0.7 million decrease in other income is the result of fluctuations in foreign currency rates.

        Net income (loss).     We had net income of $21.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to a net loss of $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in the 2003 loss was $11.3 million of refinancing costs. Tax expense increased $20.6 million to $19.7 million for 2004 from a benefit of $0.9 million in 2003. The increase in tax expense was primarily the result of our increased pre-tax income.

        Net sales.     Net sales increased by $18.8 million, or 5.4%, in 2003 to $364.3 million, compared to $345.5 million for 2002. The $18.8 million increase in net sales was primarily due to the beginning of the cyclical recovery in the commercial vehicle industry led by a $14 million increase in orders from commercial trailer and chassis OEMs, a $12 million increase in the sales volume of aluminum wheels related to improved market penetration and a $7 million increase related to the strengthening of the Canadian dollar. These increases were partially offset by a $9 million decrease resulting from the discontinuance of a certain light wheel program, a $3 million decrease due to a soft market in Mexico and a $4 million decrease resulting from continued pricing pressures.

        Gross profit.     Gross profit increased by $3.5 million, or 5.9%, to $62.8 million for 2003 from $59.3 million for 2002. The principal causes for the improvement in our gross profit were a $14 million increase in sales volume and product mix, along with a $4 million increase from operating improvements at our facilities. Factors unfavorably impacting our gross profit during 2003 included $4 million related to pricing, $3 million related to the strengthening Canadian dollar and $7 million of higher costs for steel, natural gas and employee benefits.

        Operating expenses.     Operating expenses remained relatively constant for the year ended December 31, 2003, compared to the year ended December 31, 2002.

        Equity in earnings of affiliates.     Equity in earnings of affiliates increased to $0.5 million for 2003 compared to $0.2 million for 2002, primarily as a result of a reversal of previously accrued taxes at AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we owned a 50% interest.

        Other income (expense).     Net interest expense decreased to $38.6 million for 2003 compared to $42.0 million for 2002 due to declining interest rates. During 2003, we incurred $11.3 million of refinancing costs associated with the refinancing of our senior credit facilities. Other income for 2003 was $0.8 million compared to other income of $1.4 million in 2002. The $0.6 million decrease in other income was the result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and our 2002 interest rate instruments.

        Net income (loss).     We had a net loss of $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to a net loss of $10.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in the 2003 loss was $11.3 million of refinancing costs. The higher effective tax rate in 2002 was primarily attributable to an increase in our valuation allowance to reduce a deferred tax asset that we do not expect to fully utilize. The 2003 statutory benefit was impacted by fluctuations in currency and translation adjustments, which are recognized differently in foreign jurisdictions.

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TTI Results of Operations

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net sales   $ 411,598   100.0 % $ 440,009   100.0 % $ 588,340   100.0 %
Gross profit     71,495   17.4 %   71,078   16.2 %   75,716   12.9 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses     36,673   8.9 %   38,896   8.8 %   39,744   6.8 %
Other operating charges (credits), net           (9,236 ) (2.1 )%   9,523   1.6 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income (loss)     34,822   8.5 %   41,418   9.4 %   26,449   4.5 %
Interest expense     42,306   10.3 %   40,362   9.2 %   31,928   5.4 %
Other (income) expense, net     (92 )     (8,693 ) (2.0 )%   10,655   1.8 %
Income tax expense (benefit)     (1,679 ) (0.4 )%   6,248   1.4 %   (1,229 ) (0.2 )%
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change     (5,713 ) (1.4 )%   3,501   0.8 %   (14,905 ) (2.5 )%
Cumulative effect of accounting change     (3,794 ) (0.9 )%           0.0 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)   $ (9,507 ) (2.3 )% $ 3,501   0.8 % $ (14,905 ) (2.5 )%
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003

        Net sales.     Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004, were $588.3 million, an increase of 33.7% compared to net sales of $440.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. TTI's net sales to the OEM market and other markets increased $126.6 million, or 39.8%, to $444.7 million. Approximately $17.4 million of this increase resulted from surcharges assessed to cover a portion of the increase in material costs for the related production and $2.5 million from price increases. The remaining increase in net sales was primarily a result of the continuing cyclical recovery in the North American Class 5-8 truck builds which increased 35.6% to 502,711 units built during the year ended December 31, 2004, from 370,801 units built during the same period of 2003. TTI's net sales to the aftermarket increased by $21.7 million, or 17.8%, to $143.6 million. Approximately $6.9 million of this resulted from surcharges assessed to cover a portion of the increase in material costs for the related production and $1.0 million from price increases. The remaining increase in aftermarket sales resulted from a combination of factors including increased truck fleet age, increasing truck fleet utilization rates, increasing freight ton miles and an increase in TTI's market share.

        Gross profit.     Gross profit increased $4.6 million, or 6.5%, to $75.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, from $71.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The favorable impact of higher sales volume, which included $24.3 million of surcharges and $3.5 million of price increases, was partially offset by the unfavorable impact of higher raw material costs of $40.6 million, primarily scrap steel, pig iron, aluminum, processed steel and outsourcing.

        Selling, general and administrative expenses.     Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 2.2%, to $39.7 million in 2004, from $38.9 million in 2003. This increase was primarily due to expenses associated with increased sales volume offset by a $2.3 million reduction in performance bonus. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased as a percentage of sales to 6.8% in 2004 from 8.8% in 2003.

        Other operating charges (credits), net.     Other operating charges (credits), net increased by $18.7 million to $9.5 million charges for the year ended December 31, 2004, from $9.2 million credits for the year ended December 31, 2003. Other operating charges (credits), net in 2004 consisted of $2.9 million for cost associated with TTI's unexecuted initial public offering of common stock, $3.5 million of severance expenses for TTI's former Chief Executive Officer who retired in August 2004, a $2.2 million impairment loss of TTI's assets held for sale at TTI's Erie, Pennsylvania location and $1.0 million in merger costs. In 2003, other operating credits, net consisted of $2.6 million from asset dispositions (principally a $3.6 million gain on the sale of TTI's Emeryville, California plant) and a $6.6 million credit from the reduction in TTI's estimated environmental remediation liability.

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        Interest expense.     Interest expense decreased by $8.5 million, or 20.9%, to $31.9 million in 2004 compared to $40.4 million in 2003, due primarily to reduced average borrowings, lower interest rates, the expiration of an interest protection contract in 2003 and a reduction in the amount of amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discount.

        Other (income) expenses, net.     Other (income) expense, net in 2004 represented $10.7 million of debt extinguishment costs resulting from the write-off of deferred financing costs and debt discount related to retirement of TTI's old senior subordinated notes repaid in connection with the issuance of TTI's new senior subordinated notes in May 2004 and costs associated from the write-off of deferred financing costs related to TTI's old senior credit facility which was refinanced in March 2004. Other (income) expense, net for 2003 of $8.7 million consisted of a $10.0 million gain on the sale of TTI's railcar interest in 2001 which had been deferred until the buyer's right to sell the interest back to TTI expired (see Note 19 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus), a $1.8 million loss on the retirement of $40 million of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes and $0.5 million of interest income.

        Income tax expense (benefit).     TTI's effective tax rates of (7.6)% and 64.1% for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, differ from the statutory rate of 35% primarily as a result of taxes in state jurisdictions and an increase in valuation and other adjustments and taxes on the gain on subordinated debt purchases in 2003.

        Net sales.     Net sales increased by $28.4 million, or 6.9%, in 2003 to $440.0 million, compared to $411.6 million in 2002. TTI's net sales to the aftermarket increased by $18.1 million, or 17.5%, to $121.9 million. TTI believes this increase resulted from a combination of factors including increasing truck fleet age, truck fleet utilization rate and freight tonmiles and increases in TTI's market share.

        The improving economy drove the increase in freight tonmiles and fleet utilization. TTI's net sales to the OEM market in 2003 increased by $10.2 million, or 3.3%, to $318.1 million, compared to a 0.1% increase in North American heavy- and medium-duty truck build. TTI believes the increase in OEM sales was due to increased market share created by demand for its products and strong customer relationships.

        Gross profit.     Gross profit decreased by $0.4 million, or 0.6%, to $71.1 million in 2003 from $71.5 million in 2002. Gross profit margins were unfavorably impacted during 2003, due primarily to higher costs for raw materials and utilities, including steel scrap and other metals, electricity and natural gas.

        Selling, general and administrative expenses.     SG&A increased by $2.2 million, or 6.0%, to $38.9 million in 2003, from $36.7 million in 2002. The increase was largely attributable to increased healthcare expense for retirees of $1.5 million due both to inflation and increased claims.

        Other operating charges (credits), net.     Other operating charges (credits), net in 2003 totaled $9.2 million and consisted of $2.6 million from asset dispositions (principally a $3.6 million gain on the sale of TTI's Emeryville, California plant) and a $6.6 million credit from the reduction in TTI's estimated environmental remediation liability. See Note 15 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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        Interest expense.     Interest expense decreased by $1.9 million, or 4.5%, to $40.4 million for 2003 compared to $42.3 million for 2002, due primarily to the realization of a lower effective interest rate on TTI's old senior credit facility, resulting from the expiration of fixed interest rate swaps and lower index rates and the effect of lower average borrowings under TTI's old senior credit facility. This impact was partially offset by a $1.8 million increase in interest expense due to the effect of increased average senior subordinated borrowings.

        Other (income) expense, net.     Other (income) expense, net for 2003 of $8.7 million consisted of a $10.0 million gain on the sale of TTI's railcar interest, in 2001 which had been deferred until the buyers' right to sell the interest back to TTI expired (see Note 19 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus), a $1.8 million loss on the retirement of $40 million of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes and a $0.5 million of interest income.

        Income tax expense (benefit).     Income taxes for 2003 were $6.2 million, compared to an income tax benefit of $1.7 million in 2002. Income tax as a percentage of pre-tax income was 64.1% as compared to a federal statutory rate of 35.0%. The rate differential resulted primarily from the December 19, 2003 purchase of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes by a group of its common equity holders. This transaction was deemed a taxable transaction to TTI due to the fact that the purchasers collectively held a majority of TTI's common stock.

        Net income (loss).     TTI had net income of $3.5 million in 2003 compared to a net loss of $9.5 million in 2002. As described under "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Accounting for Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles," TTI recorded goodwill impairment of $3.8 million, net of tax of $2.4 million, as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle at January 1, 2002. Before the cumulative effect recorded upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," TTI's net loss in 2002 was $5.7 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        Accuride's and TTI's net cash provided by operating activities in 2004 amounted to $58.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, compared to $8.0 million and $7.8 million, respectively, for the comparable period in 2003. Accuride's and TTI's net cash used in investing activities totaled $27.3 million and $9.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004, compared to a net use of cash of $19.7 million and $8.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2003. Accuride's capital spending in 2004 included $4.0 million related to installing manufacturing capacity for the production of light, full-face design wheels at its facility in London, Ontario and $8.5 million for the installation of additional machining capacity for aluminum wheels at its facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. TTI's capital spending in 2004 included $1.3 million invested in tooling for its new C-Series seat line.

        Accuride's net cash used in financing activities totaled $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $13.1 million for the comparable period in 2003. During 2004, Accuride made a $1.0 million payment on the Term C loan under its third amended and restated credit agreement and a $0.9 million payment on the new Term B loan under its third amended and restated credit agreement. TTI's net financing activities for 2004 were a $5.5 million source of funds, consisting of $215.0 million of proceeds from TTI's senior secured term loan facilities and $4.0 million in net repurchasing from its revolving credit facilities, offset by $0.9 million in payments on its senior term loan facility, $196.5 million in repayments on its senior term loans and senior subordinated notes and $8.1 million in financing costs.

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        Accuride's and TTI's primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and borrowings under the individual company's revolving credit facilities. Primary uses of cash for both companies are funding working capital requirements, capital expenditures and debt service.

        We expect our capital expenditures to total approximately $40.0 million in 2005. It is anticipated these capital expenditures will fund (1) investments in productivity and low cost manufacturing improvements in 2005 of approximately $10 million, (2) equipment and facility maintenance of approximately $25.0 million and (3) capacity expansion of approximately $5.0 million. These expenditures will be funded by cash generated from operations and existing cash reserves.

    Pro Forma

        We intend to fund ongoing operations through cash generated by operations and borrowings under our new senior credit facilities.

        Our new senior credit facilities provide for (1) a new term credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $550.0 million that will mature on January 31, 2012 and (2) a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million (comprised of a new $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility and the continuation of a $30.0 million Canadian revolving credit facility) that will terminate on January 31, 2010. The new term credit facility requires quarterly amortization payments of $1.4 million to commence on March 31, 2005, with the balance paid on the maturity date for the term credit facility. The interest rates per annum applicable to loans under our new senior credit facilities are, at the option of us or Accuride Canada Inc., as applicable, a base rate or eurodollar rate plus, in each case, an applicable margin which is subject to adjustment based on our leverage ratio. The base rate is a fluctuating interest rate equal to the highest of (a) the base rate reported by Citibank, N.A. (or, with respect to the Canadian revolving credit facility, the reference rate of interest established or quoted by Citibank Canada for determining interest rates on U.S. dollar denominated commercial loans made by Citibank Canada in Canada), (b) a reserve adjusted three-week moving average of offering rates for three-month certificates of deposit plus one-half of one percent (0.5%) and (c) the federal funds effective rate plus one-half of one percent (0.5%). The obligations under our new senior credit facilities are guaranteed by all of our domestic subsidiaries. The loans under the credit facilities are secured by, among other things, a lien on substantially all of our U.S. properties and assets and of our domestic subsidiaries and a pledge of 66% of the stock of our foreign subsidiaries. The loans under the Canadian revolving facility are also secured by substantially all of the properties and assets of Accuride Canada Inc.

        The new senior credit facilities contain numerous financial and operating covenants that limit the discretion of management with respect to certain business matters. These covenants place significant restrictions on, among other things, our ability to incur additional debt, to pay dividends, to create liens, to make certain payments and investments and to sell or otherwise dispose of assets and merge or consolidate with other entities. We are also required to meet certain financial ratios and tests, including a leverage ratio, an interest coverage ratio and a fixed charge coverage ratio. Failure to comply with the obligations contained in the credit documents could result in an event of default, and possibly the acceleration of the related debt and the acceleration of debt under other instruments evidencing indebtedness that may contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions.

        We issued $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 8 1 / 2 % senior subordinated notes due 2015 in a private placement transaction. Interest on the senior subordinated notes is payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2005. The notes mature on February 1, 2015 and may be redeemed, at our option, in whole or in part, at any time on or before February 1, 2010 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus an applicable make-whole premium, and accrued and unpaid interest and special interest if any, to the date of redemption, and on or after February 1, 2010 at certain specified redemption prices. In addition, on or before February 1, 2008, we may redeem

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up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of notes issued under the indenture with the proceeds of certain equity offerings. The new senior subordinated notes are general unsecured obligations (1) subordinated in right of payment to all of our and the guarantors' existing and future senior indebtedness, including any borrowings under our new senior credit facilities; (2) equal in right of payment with any of our and the guarantors' existing and future senior subordinated indebtedness; (3) senior in right of payment to all of our and the guarantors' existing and future subordinated indebtedness and (4) structurally subordinated to all obligations of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee our new senior subordinated notes.

        The indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes also contains numerous covenants including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue disqualified or preferred stock, pay dividends or make other equity distributions, repurchase or redeem capital stock, make investments or other restricted payments, sell assets or consolidate or merge with or into other companies, create limitations on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to make dividends or distributions to us, engage in transactions with affiliates and create liens.

        Although we believe our cash on hand, availability under our new senior credit facilities and positive cash flows from operations will provide us with sufficient liquidity during the next 12 months, our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures and research and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. In addition, our assumptions with respect to future costs may not be correct, and funds available to us from the sources discussed above may not be sufficient to enable us to service our indebtedness, including our new senior subordinated notes, or cover any shortfall in funding for any unanticipated expenses. In addition, to the extent we make future acquisitions, we may require new sources of funding including additional debt, or equity financing or some combination thereof. We may not be able to secure additional sources of funding on favorable terms or at all.

        We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us under our new senior credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations, obtain additional equity capital or refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness. We cannot assure you as to the timing of such asset sales or the proceeds which we could realize from such sales and we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

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    Pro Forma as Adjusted Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

        The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2004 on a pro forma as adjusted basis and the effect such obligations and commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:

 
  Payments due by period
 
  Total
  Less than 1 year
  1 - 3 years
  3 - 5 years
  More than
5 years

 
  (dollars in millions)

Long-term debt   $ 753.8   $ 5.5   $ 11.0   $ 36.0   $ 701.3
Interest on long-term debt(a)     233.9     23.4     46.8     46.8     116.9
Interest on variable rate debt(b)     147.2     22.1     43.5     42.5     39.1
Operating leases     34.7     6.9     9.5     5.4     12.9
Purchase commitments(c)     0.3     0.3                  
Other long-term liabilities(d)     83.1     8.6     18.4     21.4     34.7
   
 
 
 
 
  Total obligations   $ 1,253.0   $ 66.8   $ 129.2   $ 152.1   $ 904.9
   
 
 
 
 

(a)
Consists of interest payments for Accuride's outstanding 8 1 / 2 % senior subordinated notes due 2015 at a fixed rate of 8 1 / 2 %.

(b)
Consists of interest payments for our average outstanding balance of our new senior credit facilities at a variable rate of LIBOR of 2.40% plus the applicable rate. The interest rate for the outstanding industrial revenue bond was the 2004 average rate of 2.23%.

(c)
The unconditional purchase commitments are principally take-or-pay obligations related to the purchase of certain materials, including natural gas, consistent with customary industry practice.

(d)
Consists primarily of estimated future post-retirement benefit payments and estimated pension contributions.

        Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.     Our off-balance sheet arrangements include our operating leases, letters of credit and unconditional purchase obligations, which are principally take-or-pay obligations related to the purchase of certain materials, including natural gas. Our operating leases are comprised of long-term real property and equipment leases that expire at various dates through 2015. Our total future minimum lease payments are $27.4 million. Items such as maintenance and insurance costs are not included in this amount. We had $16.6 million and $19.6 million in outstanding letters of credit as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Our letters of credit are used primarily to secure workers' compensation liabilities.

    Net Operating Losses

        We believe this offering will result in an "ownership change" of Accuride, within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The TTI merger resulted in an "ownership change" of TTI. As a result, our ability to use our and TTI's pre-change net operating losses (and certain built-in losses, if any) will be subject to an annual usage limitation, which could limit our ability to utilize some of such losses to offset our post-change taxable income. This limitation may have the effect of reducing our after-tax cash flow.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

        Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make

60



estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.

        We continually evaluate our accounting policies and estimates we use to prepare the consolidated financial statements. In general, management's estimates are based on historical experience, on information from third party professionals and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ from management's estimates.

        We believe our critical accounting policies and estimates, as reviewed and discussed with the audit committee of our board of directors, include accounting for impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill, pensions, taxes and contingencies.

        Impairment of Long-lived Assets.     We evaluate long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangibles, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review of recoverability, we estimate future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The estimates of future cash flows, based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and projections, require management's subjective judgments. The time periods for estimating future cash flows is often lengthy, which increases the sensitivity to assumptions made. Depending on the assumptions and estimates used, the estimated future cash flows projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a wide range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining the best estimate of future cash flows.

        Accounting for Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles.     Since the adoption of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002, we no longer amortize goodwill but instead test annually for impairment as required by SFAS No. 142. If the carrying value of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangibles exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss must be recognized. A present value technique is often the best available technique by which to estimate the fair value of a group of assets. The use of a present value technique requires the use of estimates of future cash flows. These cash flow estimates incorporate assumptions that marketplace participants would use in their estimates of fair value as well as our own assumptions. These cash flow estimates are based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and consider all available evidence. However, there is inherent uncertainty in estimates of future cash flows and termination values. As such, several different terminal values were used in our calculations and the likelihood of possible outcomes was considered.

        Accuride Pensions and Post-Retirement Benefits.     Accuride accounts for its defined benefit pension plans in accordance with SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions," which requires that amounts recognized in financial statements be determined on an actuarial basis. As permitted by SFAS No. 87, Accuride uses a smoothed value of plan assets (which is further described below). SFAS No. 87 requires that the effects of the performance of the pension plan's assets and changes in pension liability discount rates on Accuride's computation of pension income (cost) be amortized over future periods.

        The most significant element in determining Accuride's pension income (cost) in accordance with SFAS No. 87 is the expected return on plan assets. In 2004, Accuride assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would be 8.75% for the U.S. plans and 9.0% for the Canadian plans. The assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied to a calculated value of plan assets, which recognizes changes in the fair value of plan assets in a systematic manner over five years. This produces the expected return on plan assets that is included in pension income (cost). The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains (losses) affects the calculated value of plan assets and, ultimately, future pension income (cost). Over the long term, Accuride's U.S. pension plan assets have earned approximately 9% while its Canadian plan assets have earned approximately 11%. The expected return on plan assets is reviewed annually and, if conditions should warrant, revised. If Accuride were to lower this rate, future pension cost would increase.

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        At the end of each year, Accuride determines the discount rate to be used to calculate the present value of plan liabilities. The discount rate is an estimate of the current interest rate at which the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, Accuride looks to rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized ratings agency. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, Accuride determined this rate to be 6.0%. Changes in discount rates over the past three years have not materially affected pension income (cost), and the net effect of changes in the discount rate, as well as the net effect of other changes in actuarial assumptions and experience, have been deferred, in accordance with SFAS No. 87.

        The recent declines in the financial markets coupled with the decline in interest rates have caused Accuride's accumulated pension obligation to exceed the fair value of the related plan assets. As a result, in 2004 Accuride recorded an increase to its accrued pension liability and a non-cash charge to equity of approximately $1.0 million after-tax. This charge may be reversed in future periods if market conditions improve or interest rates rise.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, Accuride recognized consolidated pre-tax pension cost of $2.9 million, up from $2.5 million in 2003. Accuride currently expects that the consolidated pension cost for 2005 will be approximately $3.9 million. Accuride currently expects to contribute $6.1 million to our pension plans during 2005; however, it may elect to adjust the level of contributions based on a number of factors, including performance of pension investments, changes in interest rates, and changes in workforce compensation.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, Accuride recognized a consolidated pre-tax post-retirement welfare benefit cost of $2.3 million, up from $2.2 million in 2003. Accuride currently expects that the consolidated post-retirement welfare benefit cost for 2005 will be approximately $2.7 million. Accuride expects to pay $0.7 million during 2005 in post-retirement welfare benefits.

        TTI Pensions and Post-retirement Benefits.     TTI provides pension and retiree welfare benefits to certain salaried and hourly employees upon their retirement. The most significant assumptions in determining its net periodic benefit costs are the expected return on pension plan assets and the healthcare cost trend rate for its post-retirement welfare obligations.

        In 2004, TTI assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets would be 8.5%. As permitted under paragraph 30 of SFAS No. 87, the assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied to a calculated value of plan assets, which recognizes changes in the fair value of plan assets in a systematic manner over five years. This produces the expected return on plan assets that is included in its net periodic benefit cost. The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains (losses) affects the calculated value of plan assets and, ultimately, future net periodic benefit cost. The expected return on plan assets is reviewed annually and, if conditions should warrant, would be revised. A change of one percentage point in the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would have the following effect:

 
  1%
Increase

  1%
Decrease

 
  (dollars in thousands)

Effect on net periodic benefit cost   $ (500 ) $ 500

        For TTI's post-retirement welfare plans, TTI assumed a 10.0% annual rate of increase in healthcare costs for 2004, with the rate of increase declining gradually to an ultimate rate of 5.0% by the year 2008 and remaining at that level thereafter. The healthcare cost trend is reviewed annually

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and, if conditions should warrant, revised. A change of one percentage point in the expected healthcare trend would have the following effect:

 
  1%
Increase

  1%
Decrease

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Effect on total of service and interest cost   $ 534   $ (480 )
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation     6,042     5,438  

        At the end of each year, TTI determines the discount rate to be used to calculate the present value of its pension and post-retirement welfare plan liabilities. The discount rate is an estimate of the current interest rate at which its pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, TTI looks to rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized ratings agency. At December 31, 2004, TTI determined this rate to be 5.75%, a decrease of 0.5% from the 6.25% rate used at December 31, 2003.

        For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, TTI recognized consolidated pre-tax pension cost of $1.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively. TTI currently expects that the consolidated pension cost for 2005 will be approximately $0.2 million. TTI currently expects to contribute $2.4 million to its pension plans during 2005; however, it may elect to adjust the level of contributions based on a number of factors, including performance of pension investments, changes in interest rates and changes in workforce compensation.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, TTI recognized a consolidated pre-tax post-retirement welfare benefit cost of $3.8 million, up from $3.4 million in 2003. TTI currently expects that the consolidated post-retirement welfare benefit cost for 2005 will be approximately $4.0 million. TTI expects to pay $2.5 million during 2005 in post-retirement welfare benefits.

        Taxes.     Management judgment is required in developing our provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets, liabilities and any valuation allowances recorded against the deferred tax assets. We evaluate quarterly the ability to realize our net deferred tax assets by assessing the valuation allowance and adjusting the amount of such allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are our forecast of future taxable income and the availability of tax planning strategies that can be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Failure to achieve forecasted taxable income might affect the ultimate realization of the net deferred tax assets. Factors that may affect our ability to achieve sufficient forecasted taxable income include, but are not limited to, the following: increased competition, a decline in sales or margins or loss of market share.

        At December 31, 2004, we had pro forma as adjusted net deferred tax liabilities of $12.3 million. Although realization of our net deferred tax assets is not certain, management has concluded that we will more likely than not realize the full benefit of the deferred tax assets.

        Contingencies.     We are subject to the possibility of various loss contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business resulting from a variety of environmental and pollution control laws and regulations. We consider the likelihood of loss or the incurrence of a liability, as well as our ability to reasonably estimate the amounts of loss, in the determination of loss contingencies. We accrue an estimated loss contingency when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to us, resulting from our ongoing monitoring activities and progress with the related regulatory agencies, to determine whether the accruals should be adjusted. If the amount of the actual loss is greater than the amount we have accrued, this would have an adverse impact on our operating results in that period.

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Pro Forma as Adjusted Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

        In the normal course of doing business, we are exposed to the risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates, raw material/commodity prices and interest rates. We use derivative instruments to manage these exposures. The objectives for holding derivatives are to minimize the risks using the most effective methods to eliminate or reduce the impacts of these exposures.

    Foreign Currency Risk

        Certain forecasted transactions, assets and liabilities are exposed to foreign currency risk. We monitor our foreign currency exposures to maximize the overall effectiveness of our foreign currency derivatives. The principal currency of exposure is the Canadian dollar. Forward foreign exchange contracts and other derivative instruments, designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, are used to offset the impact of the variability in exchange rates on our operations, cash flows, assets and liabilities. At December 31, 2004, we had open foreign exchange forward contracts of $24.8 million. We believe the use of foreign currency financial instruments reduces the risks that arise from doing business in international markets.

        However, our foreign currency derivative contracts provide only limited protection against currency risks. Factors that could impact the effectiveness of our currency risk management programs include accuracy of sales estimates, volatility of currency markets and the cost and availability of derivative instruments. The counterparties to the foreign exchange contracts are financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings.

        During 2004, we experienced an 8.2% adverse change in the Canadian dollar. This resulted in a $10.2 million adverse impact on our 2004 earnings before taxes. This quantification of exposure to the market risk does not take into account the $4.2 million offsetting impact of derivative instruments.

    Raw Material/Commodity Price Risk

        We rely upon the supply of certain raw materials and commodities in our production processes and have entered into long-term supply contracts for our steel and aluminum requirements. The exposures associated with these commitments are primarily managed through the terms of the sales, supply and procurement contracts. From time to time, we use commodity price swaps and futures contracts to manage the variability in certain commodity prices. Commodity price swap and futures contracts are used to offset the impact of the variability in certain commodity prices on our operations and cash flows. At December 31, 2004, we had no open commodity price swaps and futures contracts.

    Interest Rate Risk

        We use long-term debt as a primary source of capital in our business. The following table presents the principal cash repayments and related weighted average interest rates by maturity date for our long-term fixed-rate debt and other types of long-term debt on a pro forma as adjusted basis at December 31, 2004:

 
  2005
  2006
  2007
  2008
  2009
  Thereafter
  Total
  Fair Value
 
  (dollars in thousands)

   
Long-term Debt:                                                
  Fixed   $   $   $   $   $   $ 275,000   $ 275,000   $ 275,000
  Avg. Rate                                   8.50 %   8.50 %    
  Variable   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 30,500   $ 426,275   $ 478,775   $ 478,775
  Avg. Rate     4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %    

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New Accounting Pronouncements

        FAS 106-2.     In December 2003, the President of the United States signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act into law. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Statement No. 106, "Employers' Accounting for Post-retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions," requires presently-enacted changes in relevant laws to be considered in current period measurements of post-retirement benefit costs and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. In May 2004, the FASB issued Staff Position No. 106-2, or FAS 106-2, "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003," which provides authoritative guidance on accounting for the effects of the new Medicare prescription drug legislation. FAS 106-2 was effective for the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2004. This law and pronouncement did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

        FIN 46R.     In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to Interpretation 46, or FIN 46R, to clarify some of the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, or FIN 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities." The term "variable interest" is defined in FIN 46 as "contractual, ownership or other pecuniary interest in an entity that change with changes in the entity's net asset value." Variable interests are investments or other interests that will absorb a portion of an entity's expected losses if they occur or receive portions of the entity's expected residual returns if they occur. The application of FIN 46R did not have an impact on our financial position or results of operations.

        SFAS No. 132 (revised 2003).     In December 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003), "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits—an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, and 106." This statement revises employers' disclosures about pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plans. It requires additional disclosures to those in the original SFAS No. 132 about the assets, obligations, cash flows, and net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit post-retirement plans. SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003) was effective for financial statements with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003. We adopted this statement as of December 31, 2003 and revised our annual and interim disclosures for the periods ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 accordingly.

        SFAS No. 151.     In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4. The amendments made by Statement 151 clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges and requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The guidance is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        SFAS No. 153.     In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions. The amendments made by Statement 153 are based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. Further, the amendments eliminate the narrow exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replace it with a broader exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

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        SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004).     In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. The Statement requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. Accuride will be required to apply Statement 123(R) as of the first interim period that begins after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        FASB Staff Positions (FSPs) 109-1 and 109-2.     In December 2004, the FASB issued two FSPs that provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP FAS 109-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes," to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, states that the manufacturers' deduction provided for under this legislation should be accounted for as a special deduction instead of a tax rate change. FSP FAS 109-2, Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, allows a company additional time to evaluate the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." These FSPs may affect how a company accounts for deferred income taxes. These FSPs are effective for periods ending on or after December 21, 2004. These FSPs had no effect on the 2004 consolidated financial statements and the Company does not expect these FSPs to impact its future results of operations and financial position.

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INDUSTRY

        We compete in the North American commercial vehicle components industry and primarily serve the heavy-duty, or Class 8, truck market, the medium-duty, or Class 5-7, truck market, the commercial trailer market, the light, or Class 3-4, truck market, the bus market, as well as the specialty and military vehicle markets. We sell our products primarily to truck and commercial trailer OEMs and the related aftermarket (22% of 2004 pro forma net sales), with the remainder of sales made to customers in industrial markets. Our pro forma net sales to heavy- and medium-duty OEMs, commercial trailer OEMs, light truck OEMs and other industrial markets as a percentage of total pro forma sales were approximately 53%, 6%, 9% and 10%, respectively, in 2004. Foreign competition is relatively limited in the markets in which we compete due to factors including high shipping costs, customer concerns about quality given the safety aspects of many of our products, the need to be responsive to order changes on short notice and the small labor component to most products. The following is an overview of the commercial vehicle components industry and each of the markets that we serve. Whenever we refer to the commercial vehicle components industry, we mean the North American commercial vehicle components industries and markets.

Commercial Vehicle Components Industry

        The commercial vehicle components industry is comprised of heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer components suppliers. The commercial vehicle components industry is highly fragmented and comprised of several large companies and many smaller companies. In addition, the commercial vehicle components industry is characterized by considerable barriers to entry, including the following: (1) significant capital investment requirements, (2) stringent OEM technical and manufacturing requirements, (3) high switching costs to shift production to new suppliers, (4) just-in-time delivery requirements to meet OEM volume demand, (5) strong name-brand recognition and (6) significant inter-continental shipping costs and unique North American design requirements limiting imports.

        The relationship between supplier and OEM generally tends to be close, cooperative and long-term in nature, requiring a substantial investment of time and resources by both parties. In contrast to the automotive industry, commercial vehicle end customers generally have the ability to specify components used in the original production of commercial vehicles, increasing the importance of brand recognition. Frequently, higher quality components are designated as "standard" equipment on an OEM's product line, further solidifying the relationship. Once a product is chosen as standard equipment for a line of trucks, any truck ordered in that line will come with that standard component unless the end user specifically requests a different product, which generally results in the payment of an additional charge by the end user to the OEM. As a result, the selection of a product as standard equipment for a line of trucks will generally create a steady demand for that product, both in the OEM market and in the aftermarket, because end users are more likely to use the standard component for replacement.

Commercial Truck Market Overview

        Commercial trucks are segmented into four major classes numbered 5 through 8. Heavy-duty trucks, or the Class 8 category, are used for the large majority of all truck tonmiles (the number of miles driven multiplied by the number of tons transported). While the majority of these tonmiles are long haul, Class 8 trucks also fill a niche as a regional delivery alternative. Medium-duty trucks,

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segmented into classes 5, 6 and 7, include buses and smaller transport vehicles, and are primarily used for regional package delivery, utility or construction.

 
  Class 5
  Class 6
  Class 7
  Class 8
Weight (lbs.)   16,001 - 19,500   19,501 - 26,000   26,001 - 33,000   over 33,000
Example   Delivery Trucks   Beverage Trucks   Garbage Trucks   Tractor-Trailers
Units   47,981   92,702   99,458   262,569

Note: Units represent 2004 production levels as reported in ACT Research (March 2005).

    Heavy-Duty Truck Market

        The global heavy-duty truck manufacturing market is concentrated in three primary regions: North America, Asia-Pacific and Europe. The global heavy-duty truck market is localized in nature due to the following factors: (1) the prohibitive costs of shipping components from one region to another, (2) the high degree of customization of heavy-duty trucks to meet the region-specific demands of end users, (3) the localized nature of regulation of the truck and truck components industries and (4) the ability to meet just-in-time delivery requirements.

        According to ACT, four companies represented approximately 100% of North American heavy-duty truck production in 2004. The percentages of heavy-duty production represented by Freightliner, PACCAR, Volvo/Mack and International were 36%, 25%, 19% and 20%, respectively.

        According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase significantly from 2003 to 2009. The following chart illustrates historical North American heavy-duty truck production as well as forecasts from ACT:

North American Heavy-Duty Truck Production
(number of trucks in thousands)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

    Historical and Projected Heavy-Duty Truck Results

        The North American heavy-duty truck industry experienced substantial growth during the 1990s, reaching a peak in 1999 with 332,587 production units. From mid-2000 through 2001, the industry experienced a significant cyclical decline caused by a number of events:

            (1)   the recessionary economic environment;

            (2)   the large number of new trucks introduced into the truck fleet from 1998 to early 2000, due in part to specific marketing programs such as buyback guarantees offered by the major truck manufacturers; and

            (3)   the large number of quality used trucks available at relatively low prices.

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        These factors resulted in 2001 unit production declining approximately 56% from peak unit production in 1999.

        Following the substantial decline from 1999 to 2001, truck unit production increased modestly to 181,199 units in 2002 from 145,978 units produced in 2001, due primarily to the pre-buying of trucks that occurred prior to the October 2002 mandate for more stringent engine emissions requirements. Subsequent to the pre-buying, truck production continued to remain at historically low levels due to the continuing economic recession and the reluctance of many trucking companies to invest in the more expensive and newly compliant equipment.

        North American heavy-duty truck production of 176,774 units in 2003 remained substantially similar to 2002 production. During the first half of 2003, the economy remained in its recessionary mode as the United States commenced war in Iraq. New truck purchases remained subdued, and the age of the average truck on the road continued to increase. In mid-2003, evidence of renewed growth emerged and truck tonmiles began to increase. Accompanying the increase in truck tonmiles, new truck sales also began to increase. In the second half of 2003, new truck dealer inventories declined and, consequently, OEM truck order backlogs began to increase. According to ACT, monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and have continued to do so since. As a result, all of the major OEMs have increased their truck build rates to meet the increased demand.

        The North American heavy-duty truck market continued to rebound in 2004. According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase from 262,569 units in 2004 to 340,928 units in 2009, at a compound annual growth rate of 5.4%. Evidence of the initiation of this trend can be seen in North American heavy-duty truck orders in 2004. Monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and continued at a strong pace in 2004. North American year-over-year heavy-duty net truck orders increased 90% from 2003 to 2004. In spite of the increased production in 2003, the backlog for heavy-duty trucks has continued to increase and stood at 182,873 at the end of 2004, up from 64,569 at the end of 2003.

        According to ACT, heavy-duty truck unit production is expected to continue increasing in 2005 and 2006, with projected unit production of 308,415 units and 335,872 units, respectively. We believe that this projected increase is due to several factors, including (1) improvement in the general economy in North America, which is expected to lead to growth in the industrial sector, (2) corresponding growth in the movement of goods, which is expected to lead to demand for new trucks, and (3) the growing need to replace aging truck fleets.

        ACT forecasts that production in 2007 will be 205,775 units, a decline of approximately 38.7% from 2006 levels, due to new environmental standards that are expected to be introduced by the EPA in 2007. This decline would be similar in nature to what occurred after October 2002 following the introduction of new EPA emission standards. ACT projects that 2009 production will reach 340,928 units, an increase of approximately 65.7% from 2007 levels. We believe that this increase in volume is consistent with a sustained improvement in economic conditions and ACT's projected growth in heavy-duty tonmiles.

    Medium-Duty Truck Market

        Medium-duty trucks, which include buses and specialty vehicles, are smaller, less expensive vehicles that are generally used for short haul and more commodity like hauling, which fluctuate less with changes in the economy. The medium-duty market, which tends to be less cyclical than the heavy-duty

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market, has experienced strong growth this year and is expected to continue to grow from 2003 through 2009 as shown in the following chart:

North American Medium-Duty Truck Production
(number of trucks in thousands)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

        North American medium-duty net truck orders in 2004 were 254,510 orders, up 22.6% from 2003. Backlog for medium-duty trucks stood at 82,882 at the end of 2004, up from 54,179 at the end of 2003.

Commercial Trailer Market Overview

        The commercial trailer market includes dry vans, dump and tanker trailers used to haul a wide variety of freight from commodities to finished goods. Historically, general economic and business conditions have significantly impacted demand for commercial trailers and have highly correlated with the production of heavy-duty trucks. In addition, during the past few years demand for commercial trailers has been positively affected by the widespread implementation of just-in-time delivery requirements and lean manufacturing principles as companies use commercial trailers as portable warehouses. According to ACT, an estimated 183,162 and 235,953 trailers were sold in the U.S. commercial trailer market in 2003 and 2004, respectively. ACT projects that the commercial trailer market will continue to grow, reaching 288,963 units in 2009, a 4.1% compound annual growth rate from 2004.

Various Industrial Markets

        We also service a number of other markets, including light truck, industrial, construction, agriculture and lawn and garden. With the exception of the agriculture market, these markets are tied to general economic conditions. The agriculture market is tied to environmental and other factors that impact agricultural production.

Industry Drivers

    Economic Conditions

        The North American commercial vehicle industry is directly influenced by overall economic growth and consumer spending. Since commercial vehicle OEMs supply the fleet lines of North America, their production levels generally match the demand for freight. The freight carried by these commercial vehicles includes consumer goods, machinery, food and beverages, construction equipment and supplies, electronic equipment and a wide variety of other materials. Since most of these items are driven by macroeconomic conditions, the truck industry tends to follow trends of gross domestic product, or GDP. Generally, given the dependence of North American shippers on trucking as a freight alternative, general economic conditions have been a primary indicator of future truck builds.

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    Truck Freight Growth

        Freight growth, which is driven both by economic expansion and a shift in share from other modes of transportation, such as rail and pipeline, leads to an increased need for commercial vehicles. According to the American Trucking Association, or ATA, truck freight has increased market share at the expense of both rail and water freight, increasing from 63.3% of the overall market in 1998 to 68.9% in 2003. We believe that this trend will continue due to the flexibility and on-time delivery record of trucking versus other modes of transporting goods. Growth in freight tends to correlate closely with the number of heavy-duty tonmiles, which is depicted in the following chart:

North American Tonmiles—Heavy-Duty Trucks
(number of tonmiles in billions)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

        National suppliers and distribution centers, burdened by the pricing pressure of large manufacturing and retail customers, have continued to reduce on-site inventory levels. This reduction requires freight handlers to provide "to-the-hour" delivery options in order to maintain operating efficiency. As a result, heavy-duty trucks have replaced manufacturing warehouses as the preferred temporary storage facility for inventory. Because trucks are typically viewed as the most reliable and flexible shipping alternative, truck tonmiles, as well as truck platform improvements, should continue to increase in order to meet the increasing need for flexibility under the just-in-time delivery requirements.

    Truck Replacement Cycle and Fleet Aging

        In 2002, the average age of heavy-duty trucks passed the 10-year average of 5.5 years. In 2003, the average age increased further to 5.9 years. The average fleet age tends to run in cycles as freight companies permit their truck fleets to age during periods of lagging demand and then replenish those fleets during periods of increasing demand. Most leading national freight companies replace their vehicles every three to five years. Additionally, as truck fleets age, their maintenance costs increase. Freight companies must therefore continually evaluate the economics between repair and replacement. Other factors such as inventory management and the growth in less-than-truckload, or LTL, freight

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shipping also tend to increase fleet mileage and, as a result, the truck replacement cycle. The chart below illustrates the average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks:

Average Age of Active U.S. Heavy-Duty Trucks
(number of years)

         LOGO

Source: ACT Research (2005).

    Suppliers' Relationships with OEMs

        Suppliers' relationships with OEMs are long-term, close and cooperative in nature. OEMs must expend both time and resources to work with suppliers to form an efficient and trusted operating relationship. Following this investment, and in some cases the designation of a supplier's component as standard equipment, OEMs are typically hesitant to change suppliers given the potential for disruptions in production.

    Growth in the Aftermarket for Components

        The vehicle components aftermarket is characterized by steady sales and higher margins than in the primary market. Demand in this sector of the industry is primarily driven by the age and number of trucks in service and the number of miles driven by those commercial vehicles. We believe that the growth and stability of the aftermarket correlates with the number of tonmiles driven in the overall trucking industry, as illustrated above. The aftermarket is a growing market as the overall size of the North American fleet of heavy-duty trucks has continued to increase and is attractive because of the recurring nature of the sales. The higher margins in the aftermarket result from suppliers' ability to leverage an already established fixed cost base and exert moderate pricing power. The recurring nature of aftermarket revenue provides some insulation to the overall cyclical nature of the industry, as it tends to provide a more stable stream of earnings.

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BUSINESS

Corporate History

        Accuride and Accuride Canada Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the province of Ontario, Canada and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, were incorporated in November 1986 for the purpose of acquiring substantially all of the assets and assuming certain of the liabilities of Firestone Steel Products, a division of The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. The respective acquisitions by the companies were consummated in December 1986. In 1988, we were purchased by Phelps Dodge Corporation.

        On November 17, 1997, we entered into a stock subscription agreement with Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C. pursuant to which Hubcap Acquisition, an affiliate of KKR, acquired control of us. The acquisition consisted of an equity investment in us together with approximately $363.7 million of aggregate proceeds from certain financings, which were collectively used to redeem shares of our common stock owned by Phelps Dodge. The financing transactions included the issuance of public notes, which were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4. Immediately after the closing of such transactions, Hubcap Acquisition owned 90% of our common stock and Phelps Dodge owned 10% of our common stock. Shortly thereafter, we sold additional shares of common stock and granted options to purchase common stock to certain senior management employees, representing, in the aggregate, approximately 10% of our fully diluted equity. Phelps Dodge subsequently sold its remaining interest in us to RSTW Partners III, L.P. in September 1998.

        On January 31, 2005, we completed our acquisition of TTI. TTI was founded as Johnstown America Industries, Inc. in 1991 in connection with the purchase of Bethlehem Steel Corporation's freight car manufacturing operations. After an initial public offering in July 1993, TTI continued to grow and transform its business through a series of acquisitions in the truck components industry completed between 1995 and 1999, which, together with continuing improvement in market conditions in the truck component industry, represented substantially all of its sales growth during such period. Following the sale of TTI's freight car operations in June 1999, it changed its name to Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. In March 2000, TTI was acquired in a going-private transaction by an investor group led by its management and Trimaran.

The TTI Merger and Related Transactions

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company. See "TTI Merger."

        Accuride plans to rationalize costs by eliminating redundant corporate overhead expenses, and consolidate purchasing, research and development, information technology and sales and distribution functions.

        In connection with the TTI merger:

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        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

The Company

        We are one of the largest and most diversified manufacturers and suppliers of commercial vehicle components in North America. Our products include commercial vehicle wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. We market our products under some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. We believe that we have number one or number two market positions in steel wheels, forged aluminum wheels, brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, metal grills, metal bumpers, crown assemblies, chrome plating and polishing, seating assemblies and fuel tanks in commercial vehicles. We serve the leading original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and their related aftermarket channels in most major segments of the commercial vehicle market, including heavy- and medium-duty trucks, commercial trailers, light trucks, buses, as well as specialty and military vehicles. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we generated pro forma net sales of $1,082.3 million.

        Our primary product lines are standard equipment used by virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs, creating a significant barrier to entry. We believe that substantially all heavy-duty truck models manufactured in North America contain one or more Accuride components. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we sold approximately 59% of our products to heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs and approximately 22% to the related aftermarkets. The remainder of our sales were made to customers in the light truck, specialty and military vehicle and other industrial markets. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that continued growth in the aftermarket represents an attractive diversification to our original equipment business due to its relative stability and higher margins.

        Our diversified customer base includes substantially all of the leading commercial vehicle OEMs, such as Freightliner Corporation, with its Freightliner, Sterling and Western Star brand trucks, PACCAR, Inc., with its Peterbilt and Kenworth brand trucks, International Truck and Engine Corporation, with its International brand trucks, and Volvo Truck Corporation, or Volvo/Mack, with its

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Volvo and Mack brand trucks. Our primary commercial trailer customers include leading commercial trailer OEMs, such as Great Dane Limited Partnership and Wabash National, Inc. Major light truck customers include Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation. Our product portfolio is supported by strong sales, marketing and design engineering capabilities and is manufactured in 17 strategically located, technologically-advanced facilities across the United States, Mexico and Canada.

Product Overview

        We design, produce and market one of the broadest portfolios of commercial vehicle components in the industry. We classify our products under several categories, which include wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. The following describes our major product lines and brands.

        We are the largest North American manufacturer and supplier of wheels for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. We offer the broadest product line in the North American heavy- and medium-duty wheel industry and are the only North American manufacturer and supplier of both steel and forged aluminum heavy- and medium-duty wheels. We also produce wheels for buses, commercial light trucks, pick-up trucks, sport utility vehicles and vans. We market our wheels under the Accuride brand. A description of each of our major products is summarized below.

        We are the leading North American supplier of wheel-end components and assemblies to the heavy- and medium-duty truck markets and related aftermarket. We market our wheel-end components and assemblies under the Gunite brand. We produce four basic wheel-end assemblies: (1) disc wheel hub/brake drum, (2) spoke wheel/brake drum, (3) spoke wheel/brake rotor and (4) disc wheel hub/brake rotor. We also manufacture a full line of wheel-end components for the heavy- and medium-duty truck markets, such as brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, rotors and automatic slack adjusters. The majority of these components are critical to the safe operation of vehicles. A description of each of our major wheel-end components is summarized below:

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        We are a leading supplier of truck body and chassis parts to heavy- and medium-duty truck manufacturers, including bus manufacturers. We fabricate a broad line of truck body and chassis parts under the Imperial brand name, including bumpers, battery and toolboxes, crown assemblies, bus component and chassis assemblies, fuel tanks, roofs, fenders and crossmembers. We also provide a

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variety of value-added services, such as chrome plating and polishing and the kitting and assembly of exhaust systems.

        We specialize in the fabrication of components requiring a significant amount of tooling or customization. Due to the intricate nature of these parts, our truck body and chassis parts manufacturing operations are characterized by low-volume production runs. Additionally, because each truck is uniquely customized to end user specifications, we have developed flexible production systems that are capable of accommodating multiple variations for each product design. A description of each of our major truck body and chassis parts is summarized below:


        Under the Bostrom brand name, we design, engineer and manufacture air suspension and static seating assemblies for heavy- and medium-duty trucks, the related aftermarket and school and transit buses. All major North American heavy-duty truck manufacturers offer our seats as standard equipment or as an option.

        Seating assemblies are primarily differentiated on comfort, price and quality, with driver comfort being especially important given the substantial amount of time that truck drivers spend on the road. Our seating assemblies typically utilize a "scissor-type" suspension, which we believe offers superior cushioning for the driver.

        We have invested significantly to maintain our position as one of the leaders in the development of innovative seating assemblies. Our new "C-Series" product line is expected to begin production in late 2005. This next-generation seat features many new benefits, including modular assembly, seat pan extension and a wider, more stable suspension. In 1999, we introduced a new "Wide Ride" seat concept

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in response to customer demand for a wider, more comfortable product, and in 2001 we introduced the "Liberty Series" focused on the aftermarket.

        Our current line of seats is the "T-Series," which offers a number of different styles based on back height, weight, number of armrests, color, ability to adjust height and tilt and suspension system. In addition to the T-Series, we have also developed a mechanical seat under the Viking name, designed for construction equipment and rugged applications, as well as a seat designed for short runs on quick deliveries under the Baja name.

        We produce other commercial vehicle components, including steerable drive axles and gearboxes as well as engine and transmission components.

Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our strong market positions and will enable us to continue to improve our profitability and cash flows:

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Market Position in Key Products

Product Line

  Brand
  Rank
Steel Wheels   Accuride   #1
Brake Drums   Gunite   #1
Disc Wheel Hubs   Gunite   #1
Spoke Wheels   Gunite   #1
Metal Grill and Crown Assemblies   Imperial   #1
Chrome Plating and Polishing   Imperial   #1
Forged Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   #2
Metal Bumpers   Imperial   #2
Fuel Tanks   Imperial   #2
Seating Assemblies   Bostrom   #2

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2004 Pro Forma Net Sales Breakdown

By Product   By End Market   By Customer

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

Source: Management estimates.

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Strategy

        We believe that our strong competitive position, in combination with the cost reduction initiatives that we have implemented since 1999, will enable us to benefit significantly from the anticipated growth in the North American heavy-duty truck market through increased sales and profitability. Specifically, key investments in our operations and increased capacity in addition to reduced headcount, improvement in manufacturing efficiencies and consolidation of manufacturing facilities have strengthened our competitive position. Accordingly, we believe that as truck build rates increase, we are well positioned to generate profits and margins that will compare favorably to those achieved at similar build rates during the last industry growth period. We are committed to enhancing our sales, profitability and cash flows through the following strategies:

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Customers

        We market our components to more than 1,000 customers, including most of the major North American heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs, as well as to the major aftermarket suppliers, including OEM dealer networks, wholesale distributors and aftermarket buying groups. Our largest customers are Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack, which combined accounted for 56% of our pro forma net sales in 2004. We have long-term relationships with our larger customers, many of whom have purchased components from us or our predecessors for more than 45 years. We garner repeat business through our reputation for quality and position as a standard supplier for a variety of truck lines. We believe that we will continue to be able to effectively compete for our customers' business due to the high quality of our products, the breadth of our product portfolio and our continued innovation.

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Sales and Marketing

        We have an integrated, corporate-wide sales and marketing group. We have dedicated salespeople who reside near the headquarters of each of the four major truck OEMs and who spend substantially all of their professional time coordinating new sales opportunities and developing our relationship with the OEMs. These sales professionals function as a single point of contact with the OEMs, providing "one-stop shopping" for all of our products. Each brand has sales and marketing personnel who, together with sales engineers, have in-depth product knowledge and provide support to the designated OEM salespeople.

        We also have fleet sales coverage focused on our wheel-end and seating assembly markets who seek to develop relationships directly with fleets to create "pull-through" demand for our products. This effort is intended to help convince the truck OEMs to designate our products as standard equipment and to create sales by encouraging fleets to specify our products on the trucks that they purchase, even if our product is not standard equipment.

        In addition, we have an aftermarket sales coverage for our various products, particularly wheels, wheel-ends and seating assemblies. These salespeople promote and sell our products to the aftermarket, including OEM dealers, warehouse distributors and aftermarket buying groups. The size and effectiveness of this sales coverage has increased in recent years and has contributed to our growth in aftermarket sales.

Manufacturing

        We operate 17 manufacturing facilities, which are characterized by advanced manufacturing capabilities and six just-in-time sequencing facilities in North America. Our U.S. manufacturing operations are located in Alabama, California, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin. In addition, we have manufacturing facilities in Canada and Mexico. These facilities are strategically located to meet our manufacturing needs and the demands of our customers. In particular, in our wheel-end and assembly market, we believe that our highly-integrated manufacturing operations provide us with a competitive advantage, as we are able to combine our high quality castings from our facilities in Brillion, Wisconsin and Rockford, Illinois with our machining, assembly, welding and painting operations in Elkhart, Indiana.

        All of our significant operations are QS-9000 certified, which means that they comply with certain quality assurance standards for truck components suppliers. We believe our manufacturing operations are highly regarded by our customers, and we have received numerous quality awards from our customers including PACCAR's Preferred Supplier award and Freightliner's Masters of Quality award.

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Properties

        The table below sets forth certain information regarding our material owned and leased properties. We believe these properties are suitable and adequate for our business.

Facility Overview

Location

  Business function
  Brands
Manufactured

  Owned/
Leased

  Size
(sq. feet)

Evansville, IN   Corporate Headquarters   Corporate   Leased   37,229
London, Ontario, Canada   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, Light Truck Steel Wheels   Accuride   Owned   536,259
Henderson, KY   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, R&D   Accuride   Owned   364,365
Monterrey, Mexico   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, Light Truck Wheels   Accuride   Owned   262,000
Erie, PA   Forging and Machining—Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   Leased   421,229
Cuyahoga Falls, OH   Machining and Polishing—Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   Leased   131,700
Taylor, MI   Warehouse   Accuride   Leased   75,000
Rockford, IL   Wheel-end Foundry, Warehouse, Administrative Office   Gunite   Owned   619,000
Elkhart, IN   Machining and Assembling—Hub, Drums and Rotors   Gunite   Owned   258,000
Elkhart, IN   Machining and Assembling—Automatic Slack Adjusters   Gunite   Leased   37,000
Bristol, IN   Warehouse   Gunite   Leased   108,000
Brillion, WI   Molding, Finishing, Farm Equipment, Administrative Office   Brillion   Owned   593,200
Portland, TN   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly, Administrative Office   Imperial   Leased   200,000
Portland, TN   Plating and Polishing   Imperial   Owned   86,000
Decatur, TX   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly, Machining and Polishing Shop   Imperial   Owned   122,000
Dublin, VA   Tube Bending, Assembly and Line Sequencing   Imperial   Owned/ Leased   116,000
Chehalis, WA   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly   Imperial   Owned   90,000
Piedmont, AL   Manufacturing, Administrative Office   Bostrom   Owned(a)   200,000
Livermore, CA   Manufacturing, Warehouse, Administrative Office   Fabco   Leased   56,800

(a)
This property is a leased facility for which we have an option to buy at any time for a nominal price.

Competition

        We operate in highly competitive markets. However, no single manufacturer competes with all of the products manufactured and sold by us in the heavy-duty truck market, and the degree of competition varies among the different products that we sell. In each of our markets, we compete on the basis of price, manufacturing and distribution capabilities, product quality, product design, breadth of product line, delivery and service.

        The competitive landscape for each of our brands is unique. Our primary competitors in the wheel markets include Alcoa Inc., ArvinMeritor, Inc. and Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. The competition in the wheel-ends and assemblies markets for heavy-duty trucks and commercial trailers is ArvinMeritor, Consolidated Metco Inc., Hayes Lemmerz and Webb Wheel Products Inc. The truck body and chassis parts markets are fragmented and characterized by many small private companies. The seating assemblies market has a very limited number of competitors, with National Seating Company as our main competitor. Our major competitors in the industrial components market include 10 to 12 foundries operating in the Midwest and Southern regions of the United States.

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Raw Materials and Suppliers

        We typically purchase steel for our wheel products from a number of different suppliers by negotiating high-volume contracts with terms ranging from one to three years. While we believe that our supply contracts can be renewed on acceptable terms, we cannot assure you that such agreements can be renewed on such terms or at all. However, we do not believe that we are overly dependent on long-term supply contracts for our steel requirements as we have alternative sources available if need requires. Furthermore, it should be understood that the domestic steel industry is subject to major restructuring and is poorly positioned, due to a lack of raw materials, to respond to major volume increases. This may result in occasional industry allocations and surcharges.

        We obtain aluminum for our wheel products through third-party suppliers. We believe that aluminum is readily available from a variety of sources. While aluminum prices have been volatile, we have price agreements with our current supplier to minimize the impact of any price volatility.

        Major raw materials for our wheel-end and industrial component products are steel scrap and pig iron. We do not have any long-term contractual commitments with any steel scrap or pig iron suppliers, but do not anticipate having any difficulty in obtaining steel scrap or pig iron due to the large number of potential suppliers and our position as a major purchaser in the industry. A portion of increases in steel scrap prices for our wheel-ends and industrial components is passed through to most of our customers by way of a fluctuating surcharge, which is calculated and adjusted on a monthly or quarterly basis. Other major raw materials include silicon sand, binders, sand additives and coated sand, which are generally available from multiple sources. Coke and natural gas, the primary energy sources for our melting operations, have historically been generally available from multiple sources, and electricity, another of these energy sources, has historically been generally available.

        The main raw materials for our truck body and chassis parts are sheet and formed steel and aluminum. Price increases for these raw materials are passed through to our largest customers for those parts on a contractual basis. We purchase major fabricating and seating materials, such as fasteners, steel, foam, fabric and tube steel, from multiple sources, and these materials have historically been generally available.

Employees and Labor Unions

        As of December 31, 2004, we had approximately 4,800 employees, of which 995 were salaried employees with the remainder paid hourly. Approximately 2,300 employees, or 48% of the total, are represented by unions. We have collective bargaining agreements with several unions, including (1) the United Auto Workers, (2) the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, (3) the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical & Energy Workers International Union, (4) the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, (5) the National Automobile, Aerospace, Transportation, and General Workers Union of Canada and (6) El Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores de Nuevo Leon. In June 2004, employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility elected to be represented by the United Auto Workers. We are currently in negotiations of the initial contract. We do not anticipate that the unionization of the employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility will have an adverse effect on our operating costs.

        Each of our unionized facilities has a separate contract with the union that represents the workers employed at such facility. The union contracts expire at various times over the next few years. With the exception of our union contract with our hourly employees at our Monterrey, Mexico facility, which expires on an annual basis unless otherwise renewed, we do not have a union contract expiring before April 2005, at which time our union contract with the United Auto Workers covering hourly employees at our Rockford, Illinois facility will expire. Negotiations to renew this contract began on March 30, 2005.

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Intellectual Property

        We believe that our trademarks, patents, copyrights and other proprietary rights are important to our business. We have numerous trademarks, patents and copyrights in the United States and in certain foreign countries. We are not aware of any current or pending suits in connection with any of our trademarks, patents or copyrights.

Environmental Matters

        Our operations, facilities and properties are subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of contamination, and otherwise relating to health, safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources. As a result, we are involved from time to time in administrative or legal proceedings relating to environmental, health and safety matters, and have in the past and will continue to incur capital costs and other expenditures relating to such matters. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our subsidiaries' ongoing operations, our subsidiaries are also subject to environmental remediation liability. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA, and analogous state laws, our subsidiaries may be liable as a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous materials into the environment. Our subsidiaries are currently involved in several matters relating to the investigation and/or remediation of locations where they have arranged for the disposal of foundry and other wastes. Such matters include situations in which we have been named or are believed to be Potentially Responsible Parties under CERCLA or state laws in connection with the contamination of these sites. Additionally, environmental remediation may be required to address soil and groundwater contamination identified at certain facilities.

        As of December 31, 2004, we had a environmental reserve of approximately $2.8 million, related primarily to our foundry operations. This reserve is based on current cost estimates and does not reduce estimated expenditures to net present value, but does take into account the benefit of a contractual indemnity given to us by a prior owner of our wheel-end subsidiary. We cannot assure you, however, that the indemnitor will fulfill its obligations, and the failure to do so could result in future costs that may be material. Any cash expenditures required by us or our subsidiaries to comply with applicable environmental laws and/or to pay for any remediation efforts will not be reduced or otherwise affected by the existence of the environmental reserve. Our environmental reserve may not be adequate to cover our future costs related to the sites associated with the environmental reserve, and any additional costs may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The discovery of additional sites, the modification of existing or the promulgation of new laws or regulations, more vigorous enforcement by regulators, the imposition of joint and several liability under CERCLA or analogous state laws, or other unanticipated events could also result in such a material adverse effect.

        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the EPA conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        The final Iron and Steel Foundry National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, or NESHAP, was developed pursuant to Section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act and requires all major sources of hazardous air pollutants to install controls representative of maximum achievable control technology. We are evaluating the applicability of the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP to our foundry operations. If applicable, compliance with the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP may result in future significant capital costs, which we currently expect to be approximately $5 million in total during the period 2005 through 2007.

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Legal Proceedings

        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the EPA conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        We are involved in a variety of legal proceedings, including workers' compensation claims, OSHA investigations, employment disputes, unfair labor practice charges, customer and supplier disputes and product liability claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. In our opinion, the ultimate outcome of these legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Our Sponsors

        Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. is one of the world's oldest and most experienced private equity firms specializing in management buyouts. KKR is an investor in our company.

        Trimaran Capital Partners is a private asset management firm headquartered in New York, with assets under management in excess of $3.8 billion. Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., an affiliate of Trimaran Capital Partners, is the managing member of Trimaran Fund II, L.L.C., Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P., Trimaran Capital, L.L.C., CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners and CIBC Capital Corporation. Trimaran Capital Partners, through its affiliated entity, Trimaran Advisors, L.L.C., formerly Caravelle Advisors, L.L.C., manages a portfolio of bank loans, high yield securities and special situation investments. Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., a fund managed by Trimaran Advisors, is also an investor in our company.

        As of March 4, 2005, entities affiliated with KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. beneficially owned approximately 56.4% and 25.4% of our outstanding common stock, respectively. In addition, pursuant to a management services agreement among, us, KKR and Trimaran, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000, while Trimaran has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting

        Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

(2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

(3)
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

        Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a

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process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.

        In connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The material weaknesses noted include: (1) weaknesses related to field level controls at TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations, which demonstrated local managements' lack of consistent understanding and compliance with TTI's policies and procedures and which included errors that resulted in certain book to physical inventory adjustments; and (2) a weakness related to the corporate level financial reporting, which consisted of the failure to adequately review the work of a third party actuarial consultant requiring an adjustment to our workers' compensation liability.

        In response to the material weaknesses identified by Deloitte & Touche LLP in respect to the internal control over financial reporting, management is implementing additional procedures and controls to remediate the material weaknesses. Actions being taken by management to remediate the material weaknesses with respect to TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations include: (i) monitor compliance with TTI's policies and procedures at the operating locations; (ii) develop targeted site reviews for locations that possess the weakest records of complying with TTI's policies and procedures; (iii) re-emphasize the importance of policies and procedures through continued training of operating location management of written policies and procedures; and (iv) dedicate additional review time to account reconciliations and analyses being performed by new accounting staff or when being prepared by an individual for the first time. Actions to be taken by management with respect to TTI's financial reporting controls include: (i) strengthen preventive controls; and (ii) review all assumptions and data provided to TTI by third party service providers.

        We acquired TTI on January 31, 2005, and it may not be possible for us to complete an assessment of TTI's internal control over financial reporting during the period from consummation of the TTI merger to the date of management's assessment under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Pursuant to FAQ 3 of the SEC's Securities Act Release No. 34-47986 (June 5, 2003), if we are unable to complete an assessment of TTI's internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2005, then management of the Company expects to exclude TTI from management's report on internal control over financial reporting under Section 404. Pursuant to FAQ 9 of the Securities Act Release No. 34-47986 (June 5, 2003), the changes to TTI's internal control over financial reporting will be disclosed in the Company's 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K, rather than in quarterly reports until the earlier of the completion of the remediation process or the 2006 Form 10-K. Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004 for TTI were $588.3 million. Unless the material weaknesses described above, or any other material weaknesses identified in the future by us, are remedied prior to December 31, 2006, management will not be able to state in its evaluation that internal control over financial reporting is effective at a reasonable assurance level under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

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MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

        Set forth below is information concerning our directors and executive officers, including their respective ages as of March 4, 2005. KKR and Trimaran each have the right to appoint four and three members, respectively, to our board.

Name

  Age
  Position(s)
Terrence J. Keating   55   Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Andrew M. Weller   58   Director, Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration
John R. Murphy   54   Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer
David K. Armstrong   48   Senior Vice President/General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
James D. Cirar   58   Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations
Elizabeth I. Hamme   54   Senior Vice President/Human Resources
Henry L. Taylor   50   Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing
James H. Greene, Jr.   54   Director
Todd A. Fisher   39   Director
Frederick M. Goltz   33   Director
Jay R. Bloom   49   Director
Mark D. Dalton   43   Director
James C. Momtazee   33   Director
Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler(1)   65   Director
Donald C. Roof(2)   53   Director

(1)
Mr. Rentschler was appointed to our board on March 30, 2005.

(2)
Mr. Roof was appointed to our board on March 30, 2005.

         Terrence J. Keating has served as Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of the Company since May 2002. He began his career with us in December 1996 and has formerly served as Vice President/Operations and Senior Vice President and General Manager/Wheels. Mr. Keating holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering Technology from Purdue University and an M.B.A. in Operations from Indiana University.

         Andrew M. Weller has served as Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration and as a director since February 2005. Mr. Weller served as President and Chief Operating Officer of TTI from January 2000 to August 2004 and as TTI's President and Chief Executive Officer from August 2004 to January 2005. Mr. Weller also served as a director of TTI from September 1994 to January 2005. He formerly served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TTI from September 1994 to January 2000. Mr. Weller has also been Senior Managing Director of, and a partner in, TMB Industries since September 1994.

         John R. Murphy has served as Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since March 1998. Mr. Murphy also serves as a director of O'Reilly Automotive, Inc., where he is the Chairman of its audit committee and a member of the governance/nominating committee. Mr. Murphy holds a B.S. in Accounting from the Pennsylvania State University and an M.B.A. from the University of Colorado.

         James D. Cirar has served as Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations since February 2005. Mr. Cirar served as a director of TTI from January 2000 to January 2005. From January 2001 to January 2005, he served as an Executive Vice President of TTI and as the President and Chief Executive Officer of TTI's Foundry Group. From January 2000 through December 2000,

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Mr. Cirar served as a Senior Vice President of TTI and as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Gunite Corporation. Mr. Cirar was Chairman of Johnstown America Corporation and Freight Car Services, Inc. from September 1998 to June 1999 and Senior Vice President of Johnstown America Industries, Inc. from July 1997 to June 1999. Mr. Cirar is also a director of FreightCar America, Inc.

         David K. Armstrong has served as Senior Vice President/General Counsel and Corporate Secretary for the Company since October 1998. Mr. Armstrong holds a B.S. and MAcc in Accounting and a Juris Doctorate, all from Brigham Young University.

         Elizabeth I. Hamme has served as Senior Vice President/Human Resources since February 1995. Ms. Hamme holds a B.A. in Political Science and an M.A. in Adult Education from George Washington University.

         Henry L. Taylor has served as Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing since July 2002. He formerly served as Vice President/Marketing from April 1996 to June 2002. Mr. Taylor holds a B.S. in Marketing and Management from the University of Nevada, Reno and has completed graduate courses in business at the University of Nevada, Reno, St. Louis University and Case Western University.

         James H. Greene, Jr. has been a director since January 1998. He has been a member of KKR & Co., L.L.C., the limited liability company which serves as the general partner to KKR, since January 1996. He is also a director of Alliance Imaging, Inc., Owens-Illinois, Inc., Shoppers Drug Mart Corporation, and Zhone Technologies, Inc.

         Todd A. Fisher has been a director since January 1998. He has been a member of KKR & Co., L.L.C. since January 2001 and was an executive of KKR from June 1993 to December 2000. Mr. Fisher is also a director of Alea Group Holding Ltd., BRW-Parent of Bristol West Holdings, Inc., Rockwood Specialties, Inc. and Vendex KBB N.V.

         Frederick M. Goltz has been a director since June 1999. He has been an executive of KKR since March 1995, with the exception of the period from July 1997 to July 1998 during which time he earned an MBA at INSEAD. Mr. Goltz is also a director of Texas Genco LLC.

         Jay R. Bloom has been a director since February 2005. From March 2000 to January 2005, Mr. Bloom served as a director of TTI. Mr. Bloom is a founder, and has served as a managing partner, of Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C since February 1999. Mr. Bloom has also served as a managing director and vice chairman of CIBC World Markets Corp. since August 1995, and as co-head of the CIBC Argosy Merchant Banking Funds since August 1995. Mr. Bloom is also a director of Educational Services of America, Inc., Norcross Safety Product L.L.C., FreightCar America, Inc., Norcraft Companies, L.P. and NSP Holdings, LLC. Mr. Bloom currently serves as a member of the Cornell University's Undergraduate Business Program Advisory Counsel, Performance Measures Task Force, Johnson Graduate School of Management Advisory Counsel and the Cornell University Council.

         Mark D. Dalton has been a director since February 2005. From March 2000 to January 2005, Mr. Dalton served as a director of TTI. Mr. Dalton has served as a managing director of Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C since August 2001. From December 1996 to August 2001, Mr. Dalton served as a managing director in the Leveraged Finance Group of CIBC World Markets Corp. Mr. Dalton is also a director of FreightCar America, Inc.

         James C. Momtazee has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Momtazee has been an executive of KKR since 1996. Mr. Momtazee is also a director of Alliance Imaging, Inc.

         Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Rentschler has been a partner with Langenberg & Company, a private industrial securities research firm, since August 2003. From 2001 to 2002, Mr. Rentschler was an independent business consultant providing general business consulting services to the foundry industry. Mr. Rentschler served as President and Chief Executive Officer of The Hamilton Foundry & Machine Co. from 1985 until 2001. The Hamilton Foundry and Machine Co. filed a petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on October 10, 2000. Mr. Rentschler currently serves on the audit committee of Hurco Companies, Inc.

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         Donald C. Roof has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Roof has been the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Joy Global Inc. since June 2001. From May 1999 to February 2001, Mr. Roof served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Heafner Tire Group, Inc. Mr. Roof previously served on the audit committee of Fansteel Inc. from September 2000 to March 2003.

Composition of the Board of Directors after the Offering

        Upon the consummation of this offering our board of directors will consist of ten members. The rules of the New York Stock Exchange require that a majority of our board of directors qualify as "independent" according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange no later than the first anniversary of the closing. We intend to comply with these requirements.

Committees of the Board of Directors

        Our board of directors currently has an audit committee and a compensation committee. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, our board of directors will have an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee. Our board of directors may also establish from time to time any other committees that it deems necessary or advisable.

        The audit committee of our board of directors recommends the appointment of our independent auditors, reviews our internal accounting procedures, risk assessment procedures and financial statements and consults with and reviews the services provided by our independent auditors, including the results and scope of their audit. Prior to this offering, the audit committee consisted of Messrs. Greene, Fisher and Goltz. The composition of the audit committee will be required to comply with the independence requirements of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange, including the designation of an "audit committee financial expert." Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, the audit committee is expected to consist of Mr. Roof, whom we will designate as the audit committee financial expert and chairman, and Mr. Rentschler. The composition of the audit committee will comply with SEC and New York Stock Exchange requirements. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our audit committee, which will be posted on our website.

        The compensation committee of our board of directors reviews and recommends to the board of directors the compensation and benefits of our executive officers, administers our stock plans and establishes and reviews general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees. Prior to this offering, the compensation committee consisted of Messrs. Greene, Fisher and Goltz, with Mr. Greene as Chairman. Each member of the compensation committee is a "non-employee" director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 of the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, the compensation committee is expected to consist of Mr. Greene, whom we will designate as compensation committee chairman, Mr. Goltz and Mr. Rentschler. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our compensation committee, which will be posted on our website.

        The nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors will, subject to the terms of our stockholders' agreement, identify individuals qualified to become board members and recommend candidates for election to the board of directors, and consider and make recommendations

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to the board of directors regarding the size and composition of the board, committee structure and makeup and retirement procedures affecting board members. The nominating and corporate governance committee will also monitor our performance in meeting our obligations of fairness in internal and external matters and our principles of corporate governance. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, the nominating and corporate governance committee is expected to consist of Messrs. Goltz, Greene and Roof. The composition of the nominating and corporate committee will comply with SEC and New York Stock Exchange requirements. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our nominating and corporate governance committee, which will be posted on our website.

    Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

        Prior to this offering, Messrs. Greene, Fisher, and Goltz, with Mr. Greene as chairman, served as the members of the compensation committee. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, Messrs. Greene, Goltz and Rentschler, with Mr. Greene as chairman, shall serve as members of the compensation committee. Messrs. Greene and Fisher are members of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C., which beneficially owns approximately 56.4% of our outstanding common stock, and members of KKR & Co., L.L.C., which serves as general partner of KKR. Mr. Goltz is an executive of KKR & Co., L.L.C. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any other company that has one or more of its executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or compensation committee.

Corporate Governance

        We have adopted a written code of conduct that is designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

    honest and ethical conduct;

    full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that we file with the SEC and in our other public communications;

    compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including insider trading compliance; and

    accountability for adherence to the code and prompt internal report of violations of the code, including illegal or unethical behavior regarding accounting or auditing practices.

        The audit committee of our board of directors will review our code of ethics on a regular basis and will propose or adopt additions or amendments as it considers required or appropriate. Our code of ethics will be posted on our website.

Director Compensation

        Directors employed by us do not receive any separate compensation for services performed as a director. Those directors not otherwise employed by us currently receive a $30,000 annual retainer. Following consummation of the offering, each non-employee director will receive a $45,000 annual retainer, the chairmen of the audit and compensation committees will receive additional annual retainers of $15,000 and $10,000, respectively, while other members of these committees will receive an additional $5,000 annual retainer. At the election of the non-employee directors, the retainers will be payable in either cash or in shares of our common stock. Prior to the consummation of the offering, we expect to issue to each of our non-employee directors under the Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan an option to purchase 13,900 shares of our common stock at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We anticipate that the exercise price will be $11.00 per share, or the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. Such options are fully vested at grant, but will become exercisable in one-third increments over a three year period on each anniversary of the date of grant. We reimburse directors for expenses incurred in connection with attendance at board or committee meetings.

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Executive Compensation

        The following table sets forth the cash and non-cash compensation for services in all capacities to us for 2002, 2003 and 2004 of (1) our Chief Executive Officer and (2) our four most highly compensated executive officers other than the Chief Executive Officer who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2004. We refer to these officers as the "named executive officers."


Summary Compensation Table

 
   
   
   
   
  Long Term Compensation
   
 
   
  Annual Compensation
  Awards
  Payouts
   
Name and Principal Position

  Year
  Salary
  Bonus
  Other Annual
Compensation
(a)

  Restricted
Stock
Award(s)

  Securities
Underlying
Options/SARs

  LTIP
Payouts

  All Other
Compensation
(b)

Terrence J. Keating(a)
(President and Chief Executive Officer)
  2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
365,137
330,000
282,920
  $
$
$
289,988
352,249
139,432
  $
$
$
26,232
10,066
11,940
 

  17,810

189,846
 

  $
$
$
300,000
119,423
74,907

John R. Murphy
(Executive Vice President/Finance & CFO)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

296,480
283,500
275,625

 

$
$
$

248,642
374,092
267,300

 

$
$
$

16,992
9,499
10,111

 




 

14,925

121,071

 




 

$
$
$

337,817
120,769
91,312

David K. Armstrong
(Senior Vice President/General Counsel)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

209,885
200,700
193,700

 

$
$
$

119,035
176,556
124,542

 

$
$
$

14,446
9,588
13,764

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

94,697
53,769
44,492

Elizabeth I. Hamme
(Senior Vice President/Human Resources)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

187,355
179,160
172,965

 

$
$
$

106,260
157,607
111,236

 

$
$
$

9,603
9,479
10,252

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

190,715
52,930
36,682

Henry L. Taylor
(Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

177,850
170,040
160,860

 

$
$
$

101,039
128,925
79,751

 

$
$
$

10,924
9,391
8,919

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

48,530
44,416
9,752

(a)
Compensation includes financial planning service fees, vacation sold, overseas travel incentive, and gross-ups on financial planning and gift certificate as follows:

 
  Year
  Financial
Planning
Service Fees
Plus Gross-up

  Vacation
Sold

  Gift
Certificate/
Award Plus
Gross-up

  Overseas
Travel
Incentive

Mr. Keating   2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
9,478
10,030
10,111
  $

16,754

 
$

36
 

$
    

1,829

Mr. Murphy

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,478
9,355
10,111

 

$


7,442


 

$
$

71
144

 

 




Mr. Armstrong

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,531
9,443
10,215

 

$


4,863


 

$
$
$

72
145
37

 



$



3,512

Ms. Hamme

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,531
9,443
10,215

 

 




 

$
$
$

72
36
37

 

 




Mr. Taylor

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,478
9,355
8,882

 

$


1,374


 

$
$
$

72
36
37

 

 



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(b)
Compensation includes contributions made by the Company to the employees' non-qualified retirement plans, qualified savings plan (company match and/or profit sharing), the Executive Life Insurance Plan (which provides employees with a bonus to pay for a universal life insurance policy that is fully owned by the employee), personal excess umbrella insurance coverage and gross-ups as set forth below:

 
  Year
  Non-Qualified
Retirement
Plans
Plus Gross-Up

  Company
Match &
Profit
Sharing

  ELIP
Premiums
Plus Gross-up

  Umbrella
Insurance
Premium
Plus
Gross-up

  Distribution
Upon
Termination of
Supplemental
Savings Plan

Mr. Keating   2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
78,427
69,017
35,689
  $
$
$
20,493
25,681
5,000
  $
$
$
43,653
22,607
32,277
  $
$
$
2,297
2,118
1,941
  $

155,130


Mr. Murphy

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

48,119
63,728
52,695

 

$
$
$

18,328
25,148
5,000

 

$
$
$

29,775
29,775
29,775

 

$
$
$

2,297
2,118
3,842

 

$


239,298


Mr. Armstrong

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

12,918
17,969
15,008

 

$
$
$

14,012
19,383
4,615

 

$
$
$

15,000
15,000
14,654

 

$
$
$

1,446
1,417
10,215

 

$


51,321


Ms. Hamme

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

10,252
15,823
12,214

 

$
$
$

12,886
17,069
4,324

 

$
$
$

18,621
18,621
18,203

 

$
$
$

1,446
1,417
1,941

 

$


147,510


Mr. Taylor

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

8,487
9,946
5,108

 

$
$
$

12,848
16,058
3,490

 

$
$

17,005
17,005

 

$
$
$

1,436
1,407
1,154

 

$


8,754

        Effective February 1, 2005, Messrs. Weller and Cirar joined Accuride as executive officers as a result of the TTI merger. Mr. Weller serves as Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration with a base salary of $550,000. Mr. Cirar serves as Senior Vice President/Gunite & Brillion Operations with a base salary of $443,000. Please see "Employment Agreements."

Stock Option Grants in 2004

        The following table sets forth information regarding stock options we granted during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 to the named executive officers. We granted options to purchase common stock equal to a total of 153,660 shares during 2004. Potential realizable values are net of exercise price before taxes, and are based on the assumption that our common stock appreciates at the annual rate shown, compounded annually, from the date of grant until expiration of the ten-year term. These numbers are calculated based on SEC requirements and do not reflect our projection or estimate of future stock price growth.

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Option/SAR Grants in Last Fiscal Year

 
  Individual Grants
   
   
 
  Number of
Shares of
Common
Stock
Underlying
Option/
SARs
Granted

   
   
   
  Potential Realizable
Value at Assumed
Annual Rates of Stock
Price Appreciation for
Option Term

 
  Percentage
of Total
Options/
SARs
Granted to
Employees
in FY 2004

   
   
 
  Exercise
or Base
Price Per
Share

   
 
  Expiration
Date

 
  5%
  10%
Terrence J. Keating   17,730   12.9 % $ 2.962   3/8/14   $ 33,027   $ 83,697
John R. Murphy   14,775   10.8 % $ 2.962   3/8/14   $ 27,523   $ 69,748
David K. Armstrong